Obesity differs from diabetes mellitus in antibody and T-cell responses post-COVID-19 recovery
Issued Date
2024-10-01
Resource Type
ISSN
00099104
eISSN
13652249
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85204260355
Pubmed ID
38642547
Journal Title
Clinical and Experimental Immunology
Volume
218
Issue
1
Start Page
78
End Page
92
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Clinical and Experimental Immunology Vol.218 No.1 (2024) , 78-92
Suggested Citation
Ali M., Longet S., Neale I., Rongkard P., Chowdhury F.U.H., Hill J., Brown A., Laidlaw S., Tipton T., Hoque A., Hassan N., Hackstein C.P., Adele S., Akther H.D., Abraham P., Paul S., Rahman M.M., Alam M.M., Parvin S., Mollah F.H., Hoque M.M., Moore S.C., Biswas S.K., Turtle L., De Silva T.I., Ogbe A., Frater J., Barnes E., Tomic A., Carroll M.W., Klenerman P., Kronsteiner B., Chowdhury F.R., Dunachie S.J. Obesity differs from diabetes mellitus in antibody and T-cell responses post-COVID-19 recovery. Clinical and Experimental Immunology Vol.218 No.1 (2024) , 78-92. 92. doi:10.1093/cei/uxae030 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/101378
Title
Obesity differs from diabetes mellitus in antibody and T-cell responses post-COVID-19 recovery
Author(s)
Ali M.
Longet S.
Neale I.
Rongkard P.
Chowdhury F.U.H.
Hill J.
Brown A.
Laidlaw S.
Tipton T.
Hoque A.
Hassan N.
Hackstein C.P.
Adele S.
Akther H.D.
Abraham P.
Paul S.
Rahman M.M.
Alam M.M.
Parvin S.
Mollah F.H.
Hoque M.M.
Moore S.C.
Biswas S.K.
Turtle L.
De Silva T.I.
Ogbe A.
Frater J.
Barnes E.
Tomic A.
Carroll M.W.
Klenerman P.
Kronsteiner B.
Chowdhury F.R.
Dunachie S.J.
Longet S.
Neale I.
Rongkard P.
Chowdhury F.U.H.
Hill J.
Brown A.
Laidlaw S.
Tipton T.
Hoque A.
Hassan N.
Hackstein C.P.
Adele S.
Akther H.D.
Abraham P.
Paul S.
Rahman M.M.
Alam M.M.
Parvin S.
Mollah F.H.
Hoque M.M.
Moore S.C.
Biswas S.K.
Turtle L.
De Silva T.I.
Ogbe A.
Frater J.
Barnes E.
Tomic A.
Carroll M.W.
Klenerman P.
Kronsteiner B.
Chowdhury F.R.
Dunachie S.J.
Author's Affiliation
Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit
NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre
Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
Boston University College of Engineering
University of Connecticut
Boston University
Dhaka Medical College
Nuffield Department of Medicine
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University
Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine
The University of Sheffield
Sheikh Hasina National Institute of Burn & Plastic Surgery
Mugda Medical College
Directorate General of Health Services
NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre
Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
Boston University College of Engineering
University of Connecticut
Boston University
Dhaka Medical College
Nuffield Department of Medicine
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University
Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine
The University of Sheffield
Sheikh Hasina National Institute of Burn & Plastic Surgery
Mugda Medical College
Directorate General of Health Services
Corresponding Author(s)
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Objective: Obesity and type 2 diabetes (DM) are risk factors for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes, which disproportionately affect South Asian populations. This study aims to investigate the humoral and cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in adult COVID-19 survivors with overweight/obesity (Ov/Ob, BMI ≥ 23 kg/m2) and DM in Bangladesh. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody and T-cell responses were investigated in 63 healthy and 75 PCR-confirmed COVID-19 recovered individuals in Bangladesh, during the pre-vaccination first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Results: In COVID-19 survivors, SARS-CoV-2 infection induced robust antibody and T-cell responses, which correlated with disease severity. After adjusting for age, sex, DM status, disease severity, and time since onset of symptoms, Ov/Ob was associated with decreased neutralizing antibody titers, and increased SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific IFN-γresponse along with increased proliferation and IL-2 production by CD8 + T cells. In contrast, DM was not associated with SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody and T-cell responses after adjustment for obesity and other confounders. Conclusion: Ov/Ob is associated with lower neutralizing antibody levels and higher T-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 post-COVID-19 recovery, while antibody or T-cell responses remain unaltered in DM.