Scopus 2024
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- ItemEffect of NQO1 Downregulation on the Migration and Invasion of HPV16-Positive Cervical Cancer Cells(2024-12-01) Wattanathavorn W.; Buranapraditkun S.; Kitkumthorn N.; Bhattarakosol P.; Chaiwongkot A.; Wattanathavorn W.; Mahidol UniversityOBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify upregulated genes in HPV16-positive cervical cancer cells and investigate the impact of downregulating NAD(P) H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) on the survival of these cells. METHODS: Transcriptomic sequencing (RNA-seq) was utilized to pinpoint upregulated genes and associated cancer-related pathways in HPV16-positive cervical cancer cells, comparing them to HPV-negative cervical cancer cells. NQO1 gene knockdown was performed in HPV16-positive cervical cancer cell lines to assess its effect on cell survival, including parameters such as cell proliferation, migration, invasion, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and the expression of key proteins in the PI3K/AKT pathway, p53, and RECK. RESULTS: Genes with a fold change ≥4.0 in HPV16-positive cervical cancer cell lines were predominantly localized to the extracellular region and plasma membrane. These genes were involved in protein binding and cell adhesion, influencing cellular responses to stimuli and tissue development. KEGG pathway analysis identified the most significant pathways, including metabolic pathways, cancer pathways, MAPK signaling, and PI3K-AKT signaling. Knockdown of NQO1 significantly decreased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while increasing apoptosis in HPV16-positive cervical cancer cells (p ≤ 0.01). Additionally, proteins associated with the PI3K-AKT pathway were downregulated, while p53 and RECK protein levels were elevated. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that NQO1 plays a crucial role in promoting migration and invasion in HPV16-positive cervical cancer cells, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target.
- ItemAttitudes towards FCTC Article 5.3 among tobacco control stakeholders in Thailand and their relationship with awareness of tobacco industry tactics(2024-11-27) Patanavanich R.; Punkrajang P.; Ingkasereepitak J.; Phaenthong W.; Yimnual C.; Katithamanit S.; Wichakpan P.; Patanavanich R.; Mahidol UniversityBackground Article 5.3 of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) was developed to protect public health policies from tobacco industry interference. The guiding principles of Article 5.3 emphasise a fundamental conflict between the tobacco industry's interests and public health interests (principle 1) and recommend that the government be accountable and transparent (principle 2), demand accountability and transparency from the industry (principle 3), and refrain from providing incentives to the industry (principle 4). This study quantitatively explored attitudes towards Article 5.3's guiding principles and recommendations among Thai tobacco control stakeholders and whether they were associated with awareness of tobacco industry tactics. Methods We conducted an online survey of 703 individuals involved in tobacco control in Thailand. We employed multivariable ordinal logistic regression analysis to explore factors associated with attitudes towards Article 5.3's guiding principles and recommendations. Results 441 participants responded to the survey (response rate 62.7%). Among the Article 5.3 guiding principles, principle 1 received the lowest agreement (83%), whereas the other three principles had an average of 93% agreement. In multivariable ordinal logistic regression, we found awareness of tobacco industry tactics was associated with Article 5.3's guiding principles: principle 1 (adjusted OR (AOR) 1.11; 95% CI 1.07 to 1.15; p<0.001), principle 2 (AOR 1.07; 95% CI 1.02 to 1.12; p=0.002), principle 3 (AOR 1.11; 95% CI 1.06 to 1.15; p<0.001) and principle 4 (AOR 1.14; 95% CI 1.09 to 1.19; p<0.001). In addition to awareness of tobacco industry tactics, age, years of experience in tobacco control, role in tobacco control and smoking by family members and friends were associated with perspectives towards Article 5.3's guidelines. Conclusions This study provides quantitative evidence of the association between attitudes towards WHO FCTC Article 5.3 and awareness of tobacco industry tactics in Thailand. Denormalisation of the tobacco industry is thus a vital component of successfully implementing and enforcing Article 5.3.
- ItemRevisiting serum storage protocols: assessing the impact of temperature variations on indirect immunofluorescence testing for pemphigus and bullous pemphigoid(2024-12-23) Pinkaew S.; Kulthanan K.; Tuchinda P.; Chularojanamontri L.; Pongkittilar B.; Buranaporn P.; Nuttawong S.; Rujitharanawong C.; Pinkaew S.; Mahidol UniversityBACKGROUND: Indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of pemphigus and bullous pemphigoid (BP) by detecting the presence of circulating autoantibodies in the serum of patients. The standard serum transportation method requires delivery to laboratories at 2-8 °C within a day and storage at -20 to -80 °C. However, this protocol poses logistical challenges. OBJECTIVES: To carry out a study assessing how temperature variations affect the accuracy of IIF tests. METHODS: This case-control study analysed 203 serum specimens: 102 from patients with pemphigus and 101 from patients with BP. Specimens were stored at -80 °C (control), 24 °C and 40 °C for 7 days before analysis to investigate variations in IIF titres between test and control conditions. RESULTS: In pemphigus serum, 95% of specimens at 24 °C and 76% at 40 °C showed no titre difference compared with controls. Similarly, 89% of BP serum specimens at 24 °C and 82% at 40 °C matched the control titres. While 57 specimens across both groups experienced reduced titres, the decrease was primarily marginal (a 1-step reduction in 54 cases, 2-step in 3), with no transition from positive to negative results. CONCLUSIONS: Storing serum at 24-40 °C for up to 7 days before testing only slightly influences IIF outcomes for pemphigus and BP. These findings could prompt a significant revision in the existing strict transport guidelines, ensuring efficient use of resources without sacrificing the accuracy of diagnostic tests.
- Item3D-printed scaffold of dopamine methacrylate oligomer grafted on PEGDMA incorporated with collagen hydrolysate for engineering cartilage tissue(2024-01-01) Pasanaphong K.; Suksuwan A.; Srikaew N.; Hemstapat R.; Tawonsawatruk T.; Wangtueai S.; Khamthong N.; Boonyagul S.; Wongsirichot P.; Tanadchangsaeng N.; Pasanaphong K.; Mahidol UniversityThis study demonstrated the synthesis and characterization of dopamine methacrylate (DMA), oligomers of dopamine methacrylate (ODMA), and their integration with polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) to enhance 3D-printing scaffold fabrication for tissue engineering, using digital light processing (DLP) technology. The results confirm the successful synthesis of DMA, as evidenced by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and its subsequent conversion to ODMA. The obtained ODMA was then combined with PEGDMA (1.25–10% w/v ODMA) to optimize scaffold printability. The morphological characteristics of the ODMA/PEGDMA scaffolds were assessed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, using FTIR and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), the chemical stability and biological compatibility of collagen hydrolysate (CH) derived from tuna tendon were studied and compared after sterilization. An in vitro fibroblast viability test was conducted using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay to assess the biocompatibility of CH with cells. Sterilization did not adversely affect the chemical composition of CH, maintaining its compatibility with fibroblast cells. Subsequently, ODMA/PEGDMA/CH composite scaffolds were fabricated using a DLP 3D printer, and their efficacy in supporting chondrocyte viability and proliferation were examined at 24, 48, and 72 h using PrestoBlue® assay. Mixing ODMA with PEGDMA significantly enhanced the printability of the scaffolds. Our tri-component 3D-printed scaffolds significantly enhanced human cartilage stem/progenitor cell (CSPC) viability and proliferation compared to a 24-well culture plate. These scaffolds excel in both mechanical properties, crucial for bearing physiological loads, and biological properties that promote cell growth and proliferation. This dual enhancement underscores their superior performance and positions them as frontrunners in the development of advanced solutions for cartilage engineering, potentially revolutionizing medical treatments.
- ItemEffect of Fluoride-incorporated Bioactive Glass Toothpaste on Remineralization of Primary Enamel Lesions: An In-Vitro Study(2024-01-01) Katkanchano N.; Rirattanapong P.; Yimcharoen V.; Katkanchano N.; Mahidol UniversityAims: This study aimed to evaluate the enamel remineralization effect of fluoride-incorporated bioactive glass (F-BG) toothpaste on artificial subsurface caries in primary teeth. Materials and Methods: Forty sound primary maxillary incisors were subjected to a demineralizing solution for four days to induce artificial enamel caries. The teeth were randomly divided into four experimental groups (n = 10 per group): Group I, F-BG toothpaste (530 ppm fluoride) (BiominF®); Group II, 0.22% sodium fluoride toothpaste (1000 ppm fluoride) (Colgate®); Group III, 0.32% sodium fluoride toothpaste (1450 ppm fluoride) (Colgate®); and Group IV, deionized water as a control. Over the course of seven days, each specimen was treated with a slurry of the respective toothpaste twice daily, followed by pH cycling to simulate oral conditions. Mineral density (MD) values were measured at depths of 0, 40, 80, and 120 μm using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) before and after the pH cycling. The percentage of remineralization was calculated based on changes in MD. Statistical comparisons among the groups were made using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by post-hoc Bonferroni tests, with a significance level set at P < 0.05. Results: At depths of 0, 40, and 80 μm, both F-BG toothpaste (Group I) and the 1450 ppm fluoride toothpaste (Group III) demonstrated significantly higher remineralization than the 1000 ppm fluoride toothpaste (Group II) and the control group (Group IV) (P < 0.05). No significant difference in remineralization was observed between Group I and Group III (P > 0.05). At a depth of 120 μm, none of the test groups showed significant remineralization compared to the control group. Conclusions: The fluoride-incorporated bioactive glass toothpaste (530 ppm fluoride) demonstrated remineralization effects on enamel comparable to those of the 1450 ppm fluoride toothpaste in terms of both surface and subsurface enamel restoration in primary teeth. Clinically, this suggests that F-BG toothpaste may be a viable alternative for remineralization therapy in pediatric populations, especially in situations where lower fluoride concentrations are preferred for young children. Further long-term studies are needed to assess the clinical durability and efficacy of F-BG toothpaste in caries prevention and management.(Figure Presented).
- ItemImpact of telehealth-based therapeutic exercise on pain, functional performance and dynamic knee valgus in young adult females with patellofemoral pain: a randomised controlled trial(2024-12-18) Nilmart P.; Vongsirinavarat M.; Khawsuwan P.; Chumthong K.; Tadein R.; Komalasari D.R.; Nilmart P.; Mahidol UniversityObjectives This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a telehealth-based therapeutic exercise (TTE) programme with real-time video conference supervision for young adult females with patellofemoral pain (PFP). Methods The study design was a randomised controlled trial. Forty-two participants with PFP were allocated to either the TTE group or the control (C) group. The TTE group received a 4-week telehealth-based exercise programme supervised through real-time video conferencing, while the C group followed a self-guided stretching exercise. Pain intensity was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale, while functional performance was evaluated with hop tests and the step-down test. Dynamic knee valgus was measured by the frontal plane projection angle during a single-leg squat. In addition, the study used a specific health questionnaire which evaluated knee pain and function, including the self-administered Kujala Patellofemoral Questionnaire (KPQ). All outcomes were assessed both before and after the intervention. Results After the 4-week interventions, the results showed a significant interaction between the group and the time of pain intensity, functional performance and dynamic knee valgus (p<0.001). The TTE group demonstrated significant pain reduction (p<0.001) and improved KPQ score (p<0.001), while the C group showed no significant changes. TTE participants also exhibited improved functional performance in the hop and step-down tests. Additionally, dynamic knee valgus was significantly decreased in the TTE group. Conclusion The telehealth-based exercise programmes offer a convenient and effective alternative for managing PFP symptoms, providing remotely accessible and specialised care.
- ItemCohort Profile Update: Birbhum Health and Demographic Surveillance System, India(2024-12-16) Rai R.K.; Barik A.; Bromage S.; Dhali G.K.; Chowdhury A.; Rai R.K.; Mahidol University
- ItemWin Ratio approach for the composite outcome of postoperative pulmonary complications: Secondary analysis of a harmonised and pooled database of three randomised clinical trials(2024-01-01) Serpa Neto A.; Campos N.S.; Bluth T.; Hemmes S.N.T.; Ferrando C.; Librero J.; Soro M.; Ball L.; Mazzinari G.; De Abreu M.G.; Schultz M.J.; Serpa Neto A.; Mahidol UniversityBACKGROUND The win ratio analysis method might provide new insight on the impact of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on clinical outcomes. OBJECTIVE The aim is to re-analyse the results of the 'Re-evaluation of the effects of high PEEP with recruitment manoeuvres vs. low PEEP without recruitment manoeuvres during general anaesthesia for surgery' (REPEAT) study using the win ratio analysis. DESIGN Individual patient data meta-analysis. SETTING Three international multicentre randomised trials. PARTICIPANTS Patients undergoing general anaesthesia for surgery. INTERVENTION High vs. low PEEP. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Hierarchical composite endpoint of: all-cause hospital mortality; hospital length of stay; need for postoperative mechanical ventilation; severe pulmonary complications; and mild pulmonary complications. RESULTS A total of 3774 patients undergoing general anaesthesia for surgery were included in this analysis. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) age was 57 [45 to 68] years and 2077 (55%) were women. A total of 3 560 720 comparison pairs were produced. The high PEEP group had a higher percentage of losses than wins in hospital mortality (1.1 vs. 0.9%) and hospital length of stay (33.8 vs. 33.2%), comparable percentages of losses and wins in postoperative invasive mechanical ventilation (0.2 vs. 0.2%), a higher percentage of wins in severe complications (2.5 vs. 2.1%) and a higher percentage of ties in mild complications (18.7 vs. 3.9% wins vs. 3.3% losses). The win ratio for high PEEP compared with low PEEP group was 1.00 (95% CI 0.92 to 1.09). CONCLUSION No beneficial effects of high PEEP compared with low PEEP were found in this win ratio analysis.
- ItemPrimary Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Repair by Pars Plana Vitrectomy with and without Scleral Buckling: A Propensity Score Analysis(2024-01-01) Rajsirisongsri P.; Patikulsila D.; Phinyo P.; Kunavisarut P.; Chaikitmongkol V.; Nanegrungsunk O.; Apivatthakakul A.; Seetasut S.; Tantivit Y.; Krisanuruks N.; Sangkaew A.; Watanachai N.; Choovuthayakorn J.; Rajsirisongsri P.; Mahidol UniversityPurpose: To evaluate the anatomical and visual outcomes of patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) who received primary repair by combined pars plana vitrectomy with scleral buckling (PPV/SB) or pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) alone by using a propensity analysis. Patients and Methods: This study was a single center retrospective observational study. Medical records of patients who underwent surgical interventions between January 2013 and December 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. The single surgery anatomic success (SSAS) and final anatomic success were the primary outcomes, whereas the final visual acuity changes was the secondary outcome. Results: This study included a total of 683 patients (683 eyes), with a median (interquartile range, IQR) follow-up duration of 13 (5.5 to 28.8) months. Of them, 211 patients (30.9%) underwent PPV/SB, while 472 patients (69.1%) underwent PPV as their primary procedure. The two treatment groups did not significantly differ in the risk of achieving SSAS (weighted risk difference: 0.012, 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.067 to 0.092, p value = 0.776) or achieving final retinal anatomic attachment (weighted risk difference: −0.038, 95% CI: −0.106 to 0.030, p value = 0.272). The occurrence of proliferative vitreoretinopathy was identical between the two treatment groups (56 patients (26.5%) for the PPV/SB group and 104 patients (22.0%) for the PPV group), p = 0.199. Nonetheless, the patients who received PPV alone showed a significantly greater mean improvement in VA (weighted mean difference; 0.295, 95% CI; 0.150, 0.440, p <0.001). Conclusion: This work supports the findings that adding SB to PPV had little impact on anatomical results (either a single surgical success rate or the overall final success rate) for RRD repair. Although PPV alone is shown to improve vision, confirmation of these associations requires further prospective studies using standardized surgical techniques.
- ItemHealth impact and cost-effectiveness of vaccination using potential next-generation influenza vaccines in Thailand: a modelling study(2024-11-18) Procter S.R.; Waterlow N.R.; Radhakrishnan S.; Van Leeuwen E.; Meeyai A.; Cooper B.S.; Chuenkitmongkol S.; Teerawattananon Y.; Eggo R.M.; Jit M.; Procter S.R.; Mahidol UniversityIntroduction Thailand was one of the first low- and middle-income countries to publicly fund seasonal influenza vaccines, but the lack of predictability in the timing of epidemics and difficulty in predicting the dominant influenza subtypes present a challenge for existing vaccines. Next-generation influenza vaccines (NGIVs) are being developed with the dual aims of broadening the strain coverage and conferring longer-lasting immunity. However, there are no economic evaluations of NGIVs in Thailand. Methods We estimated the health impact and cost-effectiveness of NGIVs in Thailand between 2005 and 2009 using a combined epidemiological and economic model. We fitted the model to data on laboratory-confirmed influenza cases and then simulated the number of influenza infections, symptomatic cases, hospitalisations and deaths under different vaccination scenarios based on WHO-preferred product characteristics for NGIVs. We used previous estimates of costs and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) for influenza health outcomes to estimate incremental net monetary benefit, vaccine threshold prices and budget impact. Results With the current vaccine programme, there were an estimated 61 million influenza infections. Increasing coverage to 50% using improved vaccines reduced infections to between 23 and 57 million, and with universal vaccines to between 21 and 49 million, depending on the age groups targeted. Depending on the comparator, threshold prices for NGIVs ranged from US$2.80 to US$12.90 per dose for minimally improved vaccines and US$24.60 to US$69.90 for universal vaccines. Conclusion Influenza immunisation programmes using NGIVs are anticipated to provide considerable health benefits and be cost-effective in Thailand. However, although NGIVs might even be cost-saving in the long run, there could be significant budget implications for the Thai government even if the vaccines can be procured at a substantial discount to the maximum threshold price.