Pharmacogenomics of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine: current evidence and future implications
Issued Date
2023-10-01
Resource Type
eISSN
17448042
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85175498343
Pubmed ID
37846548
Journal Title
Pharmacogenomics
Volume
24
Issue
15
Start Page
831
End Page
840
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Pharmacogenomics Vol.24 No.15 (2023) , 831-840
Suggested Citation
Biswas M., Sukasem C. Pharmacogenomics of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine: current evidence and future implications. Pharmacogenomics Vol.24 No.15 (2023) , 831-840. 840. doi:10.2217/pgs-2023-0124 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/90983
Title
Pharmacogenomics of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine: current evidence and future implications
Author(s)
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
As substrates of CYP2C8, CYP3A4/5 and CYP2D6, chloroquine's (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine's (HCQ) efficacy and safety may be affected by variants in the genes encoding these enzymes. This paper aims to assimilate the current evidence on the pharmacogenomics of CQ/HCQ and to identify risk phenotypes affecting the safety or efficacy of these drugs. It has been found that some CYP3A5, CYP2D6 and CYP2C8 genetic variants may affect the safety or effectiveness of CQ/HCQ. The phenotypes predictively representing ultra-rapid and poor metabolizers have been considered high-risk phenotypes. After considering these high-risk phenotypes in different ethnic groups, it is predicted that a considerable proportion of patients taking CQ/HCQ may be at risk of either therapeutic failure or severe toxicities.