Scopus 2023
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- ItemResilience of Quantum Key Distribution Source against Laser-Damage Attack by a Variety of Lasers(2023-01-01) Ruzhitskaya D.; Zhluktova I.; Ponosova A.; Trefilov D.; Chaiwongkhot P.; Huang A.; Kamynin V.; Makarov V.; Ruzhitskaya D.; Mahidol University
- ItemNational Human Rights Protection Systems in Asia and the Pacific(2023-01-01) Ramcharan R.; Ramcharan R.; Mahidol University
- ItemAnalysis of Epstein-Barr virus infection in oral potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer: A cross-sectional study(2023-01-01) Pankam J.; Lapthanasupkul P.; Kitkumthorn N.; Rungraungrayabkul D.; Klongnoi B.; Piboonniyom Khovidhunkit S.O.; Pankam J.; Mahidol UniversityAims and Objectives: The primary objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and oral cancer (OC) in a group of Thais using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Epstein-Barr encoding regions (EBERs) in situ hybridization (ISH). The secondary objective is to investigate the risk factors of OC and the association between the presence of EBV and risk factors of OC/site of oral lesions. Materials and Methods: Sixty-one participants attending the screening project for OC and OPMDs at the Northeastern district hospitals of Thailand were recruited. Information related to risk factors and biopsy tissues for histopathological diagnosis was collected. Sixty-seven paraffin tissue blocks, including 52 OPMDs and 15 OC specimens, were investigated for EBV infection, using PCR analysis with latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) primer and EBERs ISH. Pearson's Chi-square or Fisher's exact test was used to analyze the differences in variables between participants with OPMDs and OC, as appropriate. The association between EBV infection and related risk factors was analyzed using logistic regression with a significant level at 0.05. Results: Using PCR analysis, 8 of 67 specimens (11.94%) were positive for LMP-1. Three cases of OPMDs were positive for both LMP-1 PCR and EBERs ISH. Regarding risk factors of OC, the two most common risk factors were betel nut chewing (52.46%) and working in sunlight (42.62%). The habit of taking alcohol was significantly different between the OC and the OPMDs groups (p = 0.009). The association between LMP-1 and the lesion at the tongue was statistically significant, with odds ratio = 4.900 (95% confidence interval = 1.046-22.943; p = 0.044). Conclusions: The prevalence of EBV infection in this group of participants was low. However, OPMDs at the tongue exhibited a significant association with EBV infection.
- ItemIdentification of potential molecular mechanisms and prognostic markers for oral squamous cell carcinoma: A bioinformatics analysis(2023-01-01) Chujan S.; Kitkumthorn N.; Satayavivad J.; Chujan S.; Mahidol UniversityAims and Objectives: The goal of this study was to uncover crucial biochemical pathways, prognostic indicators, and therapeutic targets in patients with oral cancer in order to enhance therapy strategies. Materials and Methods: Five gene expression omnibus datasets were analyzed by using bioinformatics approaches to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). To determine biological alterations, gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway analyses were implied using the identified DEGs. Hub genes were determined using protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis and an interactome was constructed using NetworkAnalyst. Furthermore, five hub genes were evaluated for use as prognostic markers by using the human protein atlas (HPA) and the GEPIA2.0 database. In addition, the correlations between hub-gene expression and immune cell infiltration of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tumors were analyzed using the tumor immune estimation resource (TIMER) database. Results: A total of 2071 upregulated genes and 1893 downregulated genes were identified. GO and pathway analysis showed DEGs were enriched in multiple immune response terms and interaction of inflammatory cytokines. From the PPI network, five hub genes were identified that have a crucial role in OSCC. These included interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4), chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7), TNF receptor superfamily member 17 (TNFRSF17), CD27, and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 4 (S1PR4), which were predicted to be favorable prognostic markers for OSCC using HPA. Overall survival analysis revealed that low expression of the five hub genes was significantly associated with worse overall survival. Our analysis of tumor-associated immune infiltration revealed that increased IRF4 expression was positively correlated with the gene expression profiles suggestive of infiltration of all immune cell types, whereas increased CCR7 expression was negatively correlated with neutrophil infiltration. Increased expression of CD27, S1PR4, and TNFRSF17 was found to be negatively correlated with dendritic cell, M0 macrophage, and neutrophil infiltration. Conclusion: In summary, inflammation, and the immune response play an important role in OSCC. All five hub genes were good predictors of OSCC prognosis, suggesting that they could be used as potential therapeutic targets and tumor markers.
- ItemReflection on feasibility and usability of interactive online international exchange program for occupational therapy students(2023-12-01) Suyama N.; Inoue K.; Sorasak S.; Thawisuk C.; Watanabe M.; Suyama N.; Mahidol UniversityThe COVID-19 pandemic affected international exchange programs due to travel restrictions. There are few reports of online international exchange programs in medical area and no report of interactive activities among students together for several months. To the best of our knowledge, we needed to seek the feasible approach to conduct online exchange program. We experienced online collaboration works to promote internationalization in occupational therapy (OT) undergraduate education. The aim of this study is to examine the feasibility and usability of an interactive online international exchange program, and discuss its challenges and advantages. The three-month program was newly developed, and aimed at cultivating an international perspective, understanding OT, and learning basic research skills. Students’ interests and the development of their motivation were considered in the program consisting of synchronous and asynchronous lectures, a collaboration research project, group work, and report assignments. Through the program, students were satisfied with the program contents and had the precious experience to develop international relationships. The online exchange program provided students with the opportunity to experience and learn OT education internationally at an economical cost, and to achieve program goal during the regular semester. In this program, students not only acquired knowledge in their professional field, but also cultivated their international communication skills in English from small group activities and social activities. Considering various communication methods was an important aspect in the virtual environment leading to a successful program. In medical education, an online program can be an effective and practical measure for international exchange.
- ItemJapan’s Relations with ASEAN Post-COVID-19: Navigating the New Cold War(2023-01-01) Ramcharan R.; Ramcharan R.; Mahidol UniversityThe COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated and accelerated existing geo-political tensions in the world. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and Japan will need to craft a relationship with each other that navigates the New Cold War (NCW) between China and the United States that is emerging. Japan is signaling a turn toward a realist power-based approach toward security, including in Southeast Asia. ASEAN will need to accommodate a greater political and military role of Japan in the region.
- ItemScales of Affordances: Visibility and Pandemic Encounters among Buddhists in the Javanese Highlands(2023-01-01) Rizzo R.; Rizzo R.; Mahidol UniversityIn this contribution, I explore the encounter between a pandemic-mitigation event initiated by the local administration of Central Java, Indonesia, and a Buddhist village in the highland region of Temanggung. For the minority Buddhist community in the area, the event signified a possibility to pursue media presence. In the previous few years, the village of Surjosari had launched various projects of community and religious revitalization. On the one hand, such projects progressively included the community within the nationwide reach of Theravāda Buddhism. On the other hand, these projects were increasingly aimed at the implementation of a specific ethnopreneurial vision of highland eco-tourism, particularly endorsed by a host of local activists. The article shows how the government’s Candi Siaga in-itiative offered an unprecedented opportunity to advance the residents’ idea of community development, which braids together religious, ethnic and economic strands. By tracing long-term pre-and post-event developments in the village, I frame this opportunity in terms of affordance. Rather than mobilizing vocabularies of coping and responses that are intrinsic in recent virological discourses, affordances can provide an open-ended and undetermined horizon for encounters between broad processes such as a pandemic and the particular practices of a rural community. This requires us to extend the definition of the concept beyond its applicability to the restricted domain of immediate ecological perception.
- ItemOutbreaks of COVID-19 in a tuberculosis treatment sanatorium on the Thailand-Myanmar border: a retrospective cohort analysis(2023-01-01) Aung H.K.K.; Swe L.L.; Saito M.; Lesseps S.; Janurian N.; Tun W.P.P.; Maung Maung B.; Than A.; Watthanaworawit W.; Kaewphanderm N.; Gornsawun G.; Pyae Phyo A.; Nosten F.; Aung H.K.K.; Mahidol UniversityBackground: Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic condition, with overlapping symptoms to those of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). There has been inconsistent evidence on whether TB is a predisposing factor for developing severe COVID-19. The aim of this report is to explore whether TB influences the severity of COVID-19. Methods: COVID-19 cases at two TB sanatoria on the Thailand-Myanmar border were reviewed. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data including TB treatment and co-morbidities, were analyzed. Characteristics and COVID-19 clinical outcomes were compared between two groups of patients: TB and those without TB (the caretakers and the medical personnel). Multivariable ordered logistic regression was conducted to compare the risk of severe COVID-19 between the two groups. Results: Between September 2021 and March 2022, 161 COVID-19 cases were diagnosed. Over half of the COVID-19 patients were infected with TB (n= 104, 64.6%), and the rest were not (n=57, 35.4%). The median (interquartile range) age was 48 (33.5-57.0) and 27 (23-33) years in the TB and in the non-TB COVID-19 patients, respectively. Before COVID-19 infection, 67.1% (106/158) of patients had received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine. The median cycle threshold value at diagnosis was not different between TB (18.5, IQR 16.1-32.3) and non-TB patients (18.8, 15.1-30.0). Fever, gastrointestinal symptoms and ageusia were more common in non-TB patients. Six patients (3.8%, 6/156) all from the TB group became severe of which five (3.2%, 5/156) required oxygen therapy. One TB patient died (1/104, 0.96%) of lung cancer. After adjustment for potential confounders, the final clinical severity was not different between the two groups (adjusted odds ratio 1.40, 95% confidence interval 0.16–12.39). Conclusions: TB was not associated with severe outcomes in the two TB sanatoria. The high uptake of COVID-19 vaccination and active screening could have impacted on disease progression and prevented unfavorable outcomes.
- ItemAbility of Seidenfadenia mitrata (Rchb.f.) Garay, pollinia stored at low temperature on fertilization, pod formation and in-vitro hybrid seed germination(2023-02-01) Jitsopakul N.; Chunthaworn A.; Pongket U.; Thammasiri K.; Jitsopakul N.; Mahidol UniversitySeidenfadenia mitrata (Rchb.f.) Garay, is one of the beautiful Thai orchids that is rare and has become endangered. Stored pollinia of Seidenfadenia mitrata at 10oC for 17, 42, 44, 49, 307, 314 and 339 days were used to pollinate the flowers of Vanda liouvillei, Aerides multiflora, Aerides rosea, Rhynchostylis retusa, Rhynchostylis gigantea, Vanda lilacina, and Ascocentrum miniatum, respectively to produce intergeneric hybrids. After hand-pollination, the fertilizing ability of seven crosses of intergeneric hybrids remained high with respect to pod formation (50–100%). Hybrid pods of three crosses using stored pollinia of Seidenfadenia mitrata for 17, 24 and 314 days involving Vanda liouvillei, Aerides multiflora and Vanda lilacina, respectively, produced seeds and germinated into protocorms after sowing on modified Vacin and Went agar medium supplemented with 150 mlL-1 coconut water, 10 gL-1 sucrose, 7 gL-1 agar and pH 5.2 for 113, 22 and 36 days, respectively. The survival of three intergeneric hybrid plantlets was 100 % for pollinia stored for 180 days and they were successfully grown in greenhouse conditions for 360 days. Storage of Seidenfadenia mitrata pollinia at low temperatures is successful on keeping the desirable male parents for hybridization and conservation.
- ItemUse of Non-invasive Ventilation in Postoperative Patients in Abdominal Surgery(2023-01-01) Sutherasan Y.; Kasemchaiyanun A.; Theerawit P.; Sutherasan Y.; Mahidol UniversityWhen high-risk patients undergo abdominal surgery, there is a possibility of increased postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), morbidity, and mortality. Using non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in the postoperative phase could prevent and treat PPCs by reducing Physicians must have the necessary expertise, utilize appropriate settings, and employ proper NIV application techniques when considering NIV. Our chapter aims to provide an overview of the mechanisms and risk factors associated with postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). We will also outline the rationales and benefits of using NIV as a preventive or treatment strategy for PPCs. Additionally, practical aspects of the NIV application will be discussed in detail.