Scopus 2023
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- ItemWhen fake news comes with translation: A study of perception toward coronavirus-related news translation into Thai(2023-10-01) Phanthaphoommee N.; Mahidol UniversityThis paper aims to investigate how coronavirus-related fake news as a result of translation is perceived in the Thai context. Using the framework of truth criteria to guide the online questionnaire and focus group, the researchers gathered the different perspectives of three age groups: Group 1 aged 19–38, Group 2 aged 39–54, and Group 3 aged 55 or above. The findings reveal that: (1) Group 3 agrees that translated news should be compatible with their existing, verified knowledge; (2) respondents in different age groups have significantly different opinions when assessing the coherence of news translations; (3) Group 1 is the most critical when looking for the credibility of news sources; (4) Group 1 is more likely than older groups to make time to verify translated news through social consensus; and (5) Group 1 is the most active in their search for supporting evidence. The decision to verify the news translation is influenced by time constraints, family relationships, technology, and the ease of information processing. This paper sheds light on the basic understanding of fake news from translation and its impact on interactions between news services and audiences of different cultures.
- ItemTissue-specific expression of senescence biomarkers in spontaneously hypertensive rats: evidence of premature aging in hypertension(2023-01-01) Somsura R.; Mahidol UniversityBackground: Cellular senescence is an age-related physiological process that contributes to tissue dysfunction and accelerated onset of chronic metabolic diseases including hypertension. Indeed, elevation of blood pressure in hypertension coincides with premature vascular aging and dysfunction. In addition, onsets of metabolic disturbance and osteopenia in patients with hypertension have also been reported. It is possible that hypertension enhances premature aging and causes progressive loss of function in multiple organs. However, the landscape of cellular senescence in critical tissues affected by hypertension remains elusive. Materials and Methods: Heart, liver, bone, hypothalamus, and kidney were collected from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and age- and sex-matched normotensive Wistar rats (WT) at 6, 12, 24 and 36 weeks of age (n = 10 animals/ group). Changes in mRNA levels of senescence biomarkers namely cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors (CDKIs), i.e., Cdkn2a (encoding p16Ink4a) and Cdkn1a (encoding p21cip1) as well as senescence-associated secretory phenotypes (SASPs), i.e., Timp1, Mmp12, Il6 and Cxcl1, were determined. Additionally, bone collagen alignment and hydroxy apatite crystal dimensions were determined by synchrotron radiation small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS) techniques. Results: Real-time PCR revealed that transcript levels of genes encoding CDKIs and SASPs in the heart and liver were upregulated in SHR from 6 to 36 weeks of age. Expression of Timp1 and Cxcl1 was increased in bone tissues isolated from 36-week-old SHR. In contrast, we found that expression levels of Timp1 and Il6 mRNA were decreased in hypothalamus and kidney of SHR in all age groups. Simultaneous SAXS/WAXS analysis also revealed misalignment of bone collagen fibers in SHR as compared to WT. Conclusion: Premature aging was identified in an organ directly affected by high blood pressure (i.e., heart) and those with known functional defects in SHR (i.e., liver and bone). Cellular senescence was not evident in organs with autoregulation of blood pressure (i.e., brain and kidney). Our study suggested that cellular senescence is induced by persistently elevated blood pressure and in part, leading to organ dysfunction. Therefore, interventions that can both lower blood pressure and prevent cellular senescence should provide therapeutic benefits for treatment of cardiovascular and metabolic consequences.
- ItemResponsiveness and Minimal Clinically Important Difference of the Thai Version of the International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form in Patients With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury(2023-11-01) Kerdtho T.; Mahidol UniversityBackground: The International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form (IKDC-SKF) is a knee-specific patient-reported outcome (PRO) measure that is commonly used to evaluate patients with various knee disorders. The Thai version of the IKDC-SKF (Thai IKDC-SKF) was shown to have good validity and reliability; nonetheless, no data regarding its responsiveness are available. Purpose: To evaluate the responsiveness of the Thai IKDC-SKF for assessing patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and determine the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for this PRO measure. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3. Methods: This prospective study included ACL-injured patients who were scheduled for ACL reconstruction (ACLR) at a single institution. The patients completed the Thai IKDC-SKF at the baseline and the 6-month postoperative follow-up. The global rating of change scale was an anchor question that evaluated patients’ overall perception of a clinical change compared with their preoperative condition. The effect size and standardized response mean were calculated. The MCID was identified with an anchor-based approach by plotting a receiver operating characteristic curve and calculating the value that maximized the Youden index. Results: Of 59 enrolled patients, 53 patients (89.8%) completed the preoperative and 6-month postoperative Thai IKDC-SKF. The mean (±SD) age of the participants was 32.3 ± 10.3 years, and 86.8% were men. The mean Thai IKDC-SKF score improved significantly from preoperatively to the 6-month follow-up (from 56.3 ± 14.9 to 70.8 ± 14.1, respectively; P <.001), with an effect size of 0.975 and a standardized response mean of 0.977. A receiver operating characteristic curve was generated to determine the ability of the Thai IKDC-SKF to distinguish between improved patients and unimproved patients, and the area under the curve was 0.80 (95% CI, 0.68-0.92), which was considered excellent. The MCID was 15.5, which yielded a sensitivity and specificity of 0.55 and 1, respectively. Conclusion: This study confirmed the responsiveness of the Thai IKDC-SKF for detecting a clinical change in ACL-injured patients after ACLR. The identified MCID of 15.5 can be used to calculate the significant clinical change and sample size in future studies.
- ItemFactors associated with health-related quality of life in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: Thai PCI registry(2023-01-01) Siriyotha S.; Mahidol UniversityBackground: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been shown to improve health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). The objectives of this study were to assess the changes in HRQoL and factors influencing these changes in CAD patients after undergoing PCI. Methods: Data from a nationwide PCI registry across 39 hospitals in Thailand were collected in 2018–2019, including baseline characteristics, comorbid diseases, angiographic CAD severity, procedural details, and type of health insurance. HRQoL, as measured by utility scores, was determined in all patients using the Thai version of EQ-5D-5l at admission, discharge, and 6 and 12 months after discharge. The effects of time after PCI procedure and various factors on mean utility scores were assessed using a mixed-effect linear regression model. Results: A total of 19,701 patients were included in the analysis; they had a mean age of 64.2 ± 11.7 years and were predominantly (69.1%) male. Following PCI, the mean utility scores increased from 66.6 ± 19.6 at admission to 81.9 ± 13.8 at discharge, and remained stable at 6 and 12 months (86.1 ± 12.3 and 88.0 ± 11.7, respectively). After adjusting for potential confounding variables, several factors were found to be independently associated with improved HRQoL, including angiographic success, male gender, overweight status, dyslipidemia, and radial access. Six other factors were associated with less improved HRQoLs, including cardiogenic shock/IABP support, old age, CKD, clinical presentation (STEMI and NSTEMI), prior cerebrovascular disease, and heart failure. There were no associations of CAD severity and procedural details with HRQoL. No differences were found related to type of health insurance, except that patients who were uninsured or self-pay tended to have less improvement in HRQoL. Conclusion: HRQoL improved significantly after PCI in these subjects, as observed through 1 year of follow-up. Identifying the factors influencing these improvements may assist clinicians in tailoring patient interventions to optimise quality of life after PCI.
- ItemImpact of acute kidney injury and renal recovery status in deceased donor to kidney transplant outcome: results from the Thai national transplant registry(2023-12-01) Larpparisuth N.; Mahidol UniversityThe influence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and renal recovery in deceased donor (DD) on long-term kidney transplant (KT) outcome has not previously been elucidated in large registry study. Our retrospective cohort study included all DDKT performed in Thailand between 2001 and 2018. Donor data was reviewed case by case. AKI was diagnosed according to the KDIGO criteria. Renal recovery was defined if DD had an improvement in AKI to the normal or lower stage. All outcomes were determined until the end of 2020. This study enrolled 4234 KT recipients from 2198 DD. The KDIGO staging of AKI was as follows: stage 1 for 710 donors (32.3%), stage 2 for 490 donors (22.3%) and stage 3 for 342 donors (15.6%). AKI was partial and complete recovery in 265 (17.2%) and 287 (18.6%) before procurement, respectively. Persistent AKI was revealed in 1906 KT of 990 (45%) DD. The ongoing AKI in DD significantly increases the risk of DGF development in the adjusted model (HR 1.69; 95% CI 1.44–1.99; p < 0.001). KT from DD with AKI and partial/complete recovery was associated with a lower risk of transplant loss (log-rank P = 0.04) and recipient mortality (log-rank P = 0.042) than ongoing AKI. KT from a donor with ongoing stage 3 AKI was associated with a higher risk of all-cause graft loss (HR 1.8; 95% CI 1.12–2.88; p = 0.02) and mortality (HR 2.19; 95% CI 1.09–4.41; p = 0.03) than stage 3 AKI with renal recovery. Persistent AKI, but not recovered AKI, significantly increases the risk of DGF. Utilizing kidneys from donors with improving AKI is generally safe. KT from donors with persistent AKI stage 3 results in a higher risk of transplant failure and recipient mortality. Therefore, meticulous pretransplant evaluation of such kidneys and intensive surveillance after KT is recommended.
- ItemSarcoplasmic Myxovirus Resistance Protein A: A Study of Expression in Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy(2023-01-01) Waisayarat J.; Mahidol UniversityBackground: Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are a heterogeneous group of autoimmune diseases affecting primarily proximal muscles. Major subtypes include dermatomyositis, polymyositis, inclusion body myositis, immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy and antisynthetase syndrome. Overexpression of sarcoplasmic myxovirus-resistance protein A (MxA) has been observed in muscle biopsy specimens of dermatomyositis but is rarely seen in other subtypes of IIM and other myopathies. Objective: We evaluate the expression of sarcoplasmic MxA and its diagnostic value in IIM and other myopathies. Methods: One hundred and thirty-eight muscle biopsy specimens with the diagnosis of IIM and other myopathies from 2011 to 2020 were reviewed and stained for MxA by immunohistochemistry. The difference of the expression of MxA between IIM and other myopathies was analyzed by Fisher’s exact test, and the sensitivity and specificity of MxA immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of IIM were assessed. Results: MxA protein was positive in 16/138 (11.6%) specimens. All 12 dermatomyositis specimens positive for MxA protein were positive in perifascicular area pattern. Only dermatomyositis specimens had a significantly higher percentage of positive sarcoplasmic MxA expression than specimens of other subtypes of IIM (p<0.001). Sarcoplasmic MxA expression for dermatomyositis diagnosis had a sensitivity of 46.15% (95% CI 26.59–66.63%) and a specificity of 94.44% (95% CI 81.34–99.32%) with the positive and negative likelihood ratio of 8.31 (95% CI 2.03–34.01) and 0.57 (95% CI 0.40–0.82), respectively. Conclusion: The MxA immunohistochemistry is highly specific for dermatomyositis and should be added to a routine inflammatory panel of muscle biopsy. MxA expression should be cautiously interpreted to avoid pitfalls.
- ItemOptimal resting heart rate and ascites-related death in patients with cirrhosis and ascites using nonselective beta-blockers (ORCA)(2023-01-01) Mingpun W.; Mahidol UniversityNonselective beta-blockers (NSBBs) may exacerbate ascites by impairing cardiac function. This study evaluated the impact of achieving a heart rate target of 55–60 beats per minute (bpm) on ascites-related death and complications from worsening ascites in patients with cirrhosis and diuretic-responsive ascites using NSBBs. A retrospective study was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University (2012–2022) and analyzed patients with cirrhosis and diuretic-responsive ascites using NSBBs (propranolol/carvedilol) for variceal bleeding prophylaxis. The outcomes were incidence of ascites-related death and complications from worsening ascites, comparing the achievable target group (heart rate 55–60 bpm) and the unachievable target group (heart rate >60 bpm). A total of 206 patients were included in the study, with a median follow-up time of 20 months. The patients were divided into an achievable target group (n = 75, median heart rate = 58.0 bpm) and an unachievable target group (n = 131, median heart rate = 73.6 bpm). Propranolol was the most used NSBB (95.1%). The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for ascites-related death from spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) or refractory ascites (RA) or hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) or hepatic encephalopathy (HE) showed no difference between the groups (adjusted HR 0.59 [0.23–1.54]; p = 0.28). Additionally, no significant difference was found in the incidence of complications between groups, including SBP, RA, HRS, and HE. Achieving a heart rate target of 55–60 bpm with NSBBs for variceal bleeding prophylaxis is safe in patients with diuretic-responsive ascites and cirrhosis.
- ItemEffect of 20-hydroxyecdysone and its metabolites in the absence or presence of IGF-1 on regulation of skeletal muscle cell growth(2023-01-01) Suhatcho K.; Mahidol UniversityPurpose: To investigate the effect of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and its metabolites and their synergistic effect with IGF-1 on regulation of skeletal muscle cell growth. Methods: Mouse skeletal muscle cell line (C2C12) was solely treated with 20E and its metabolites (14-deoxy-20-hydroxyecdysone, poststerone, and 14-deoxypoststerone) at doses of 0.1, 1, and 10 µM or co-treated with IGF-1 (10 ng/ml). Cell viability and proliferative capacity were evaluated using MTT and BrdU incorporation assays, respectively. Myogenic differentiation proteins [embryonic myosin heavy chain (EbMHC) and MHC], androgen receptor (AR), and IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) protein expression were investigated using immunocytochemistry. Results: Treatments of 20E and its metabolites had no toxicity on skeletal muscle cells or induced AR/IGF-1R expression. In addition, solely treatment of 20E and its metabolites or co-treatment with IGF-1 had no significant effect on cell proliferation and myogenic differentiation capacity. In contrast, IGF-1 treatment alone significantly increased EbMHC expression (p<0.0001), MHC expression (p<0.05), and myotube number (p<0.05). Conclusion: These results indicate that 20E and its metabolites have no direct or synergistic effect with IGF-1 on skeletal muscle cell growth. Nevertheless, the pharmacological effects of 20E on skeletal muscle mass and strength in vivo that raises its therapeutic potential may associate with its indirect action.
- ItemTreatments of Epistaxis in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis(2023-01-01) Chitsuthipakorn W.; Mahidol UniversityPurpose of Review: To analyze and compare the effects of epistaxis treatments for Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT) patients. Recent Findings: Of total of 21 randomized controlled trials (RCT), the data from 15 RCTs (697 patients, 7 treatments: timolol, propranolol, bevacizumab, doxycycline, tacrolimus, estriol/estradiol, and tranexamic acid) were pooled for the meta-analyses while the other 6 studies (treatments: electrosurgical plasma coagulation, KTP laser, postoperative packing, tamoxifen, sclerosing agent, and estriol) were reviewed qualitatively. When compared to placebo, propranolol offered the most improved epistaxis severity score, mean difference (MD), -1.68, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) [-2.80, -0.56] followed by timolol, MD -0.40, 95%CI [-0.79, -0.02]. Tranexamic acid significantly reduced the epistaxis frequency, MD -1.93, 95%CI [-3.58, -0.28]. Other treatments had indifferent effects to placebo. Qualitative analysis highlighted the benefits of tamoxifen and estriol. The adverse events of tranexamic acid, tacrolimus, propranolol, and estradiol were significantly reported. Summary: Propranolol, timolol, tranexamic acid, tamoxifen, and estriol were effective treatments which offered benefits to HHT patients in epistaxis management. Adverse events of tranexamic acid, tacrolimus, propranolol, and estradiol should be concerned.
- ItemEfficacy of a dietary supplement derived from five edible plants on telomere length in Thai adults: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial(2023-01-01) Praengam K.; Mahidol UniversityMylife/Mylife100® is a dietary supplement consisting of black sesame seed, guava fruit, mangosteen aril, pennywort leaves, and soy protein. These edible plants contain multiple high-potential bioactive compounds exerting various vital biological functions including antioxidants which contribute to delaying the rate of telomere shortening. Telomere length is associated with cellular aging and age-related diseases. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of Mylife/Mylife100® on telomere length through a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial. The trial assessed the alteration of leukocyte telomere length after 32 adults aged 50–65 years received either Mylife/Mylife100® or placebo (five capsules/day) for 8-week supplementation. The results demonstrated a significant increase in mean telomere length from baseline (6313 bp) to the 8-week supplementation period (6655 bp; p < 0.05) in the group receiving the product, whereas no significant change was observed in the placebo group. Additionally, the product group exhibited a significant improvement in plasma total antioxidant capacity levels compared to the placebo group (mean change, +35 vs −38; p = 0.006). This study also showed a significant correlation between telomere length and % CD4 + T cells (r = +0.325; p = 0.00003), % CD8 + T cells (r = +0.156; p = 0.048), and visceral fat (r = − 0.349; p = 0.000006). The findings suggest that consuming this dietary supplement (Mylife/Mylife100®) for 8 weeks has a positive effect on cellular aging by lengthening telomeres possible through their antioxidant capacities. Oxidative stress and cellular aging are underlying predisease mechanisms that might be alleviated by supplementing with this product.