Molecular immune monitoring in kidney transplant rejection: a state-of-the-art review
Issued Date
2023-01-01
Resource Type
eISSN
16643224
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85169708030
Journal Title
Frontiers in Immunology
Volume
14
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Frontiers in Immunology Vol.14 (2023)
Suggested Citation
Chancharoenthana W., Traitanon O., Leelahavanichkul A., Tasanarong A. Molecular immune monitoring in kidney transplant rejection: a state-of-the-art review. Frontiers in Immunology Vol.14 (2023). doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1206929 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/89862
Title
Molecular immune monitoring in kidney transplant rejection: a state-of-the-art review
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Although current regimens of immunosuppressive drugs are effective in renal transplant recipients, long-term renal allograft outcomes remain suboptimal. For many years, the diagnosis of renal allograft rejection and of several causes of renal allograft dysfunction, such as chronic subclinical inflammation and infection, was mostly based on renal allograft biopsy, which is not only invasive but also possibly performed too late for proper management. In addition, certain allograft dysfunctions are difficult to differentiate from renal histology due to their similar pathogenesis and immune responses. As such, non-invasive assays and biomarkers may be more beneficial than conventional renal biopsy for enhancing graft survival and optimizing immunosuppressive drug regimens during long-term care. This paper discusses recent biomarker candidates, including donor-derived cell-free DNA, transcriptomics, microRNAs, exosomes (or other extracellular vesicles), urine chemokines, and nucleosomes, that show high potential for clinical use in determining the prognosis of long-term outcomes of kidney transplantation, along with their limitations.