Prospective randomized controlled trial to evaluate effectiveness of virtual reality to decrease anxiety in office-based flexible cystoscopy patients
Issued Date
2022-10-01
Resource Type
ISSN
07244983
eISSN
14338726
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85137231154
Pubmed ID
36048232
Journal Title
World Journal of Urology
Volume
40
Issue
10
Start Page
2575
End Page
2581
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
World Journal of Urology Vol.40 No.10 (2022) , 2575-2581
Suggested Citation
Ketsuwan C., Matang W., Ratanapornsompong W., Sangkum P., Phengsalae Y., Kongchareonsombat W., Jongwannasiri M. Prospective randomized controlled trial to evaluate effectiveness of virtual reality to decrease anxiety in office-based flexible cystoscopy patients. World Journal of Urology Vol.40 No.10 (2022) , 2575-2581. 2581. doi:10.1007/s00345-022-04142-9 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/85500
Title
Prospective randomized controlled trial to evaluate effectiveness of virtual reality to decrease anxiety in office-based flexible cystoscopy patients
Author's Affiliation
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of immersive VR distraction technology in alleviating anxiety and pain during flexible cystoscopy. Methods: We prospectively recruited 270 study participants who qualified for flexible cystoscopy and randomly assigned them to experimental and control groups. The experimental group consisted of 135 patients who employed a VR set during flexible cystoscopy, and the control group consisted of 135 patients who underwent the procedure without a VR set. Patient anxiety was determined quantitatively according to the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. A visual analog scale for assessing pain intensity, satisfaction, and willingness to repeat the procedure was evaluated. In addition, difference in the hemodynamic parameter was also examined. Results: The study findings demonstrated that the use of a VR set during flexible cystoscopy significantly improved the anxiety level over that of the control group (p = 0.001). Furthermore, this intervention led to a significantly increased level of satisfaction and willingness to repeat the procedure and a decrease in hemodynamic variables, specifically, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, and heart rate (p = 0.001 in each case). Nonetheless, there were no significant differences between the groups with respect to the basic characteristic data, pain intensity, or oxygen saturation. Conclusions: Based on the present study, immersive VR can measurably decrease anxiety and increase satisfaction and willingness to repeat the procedure during flexible cystoscopy. Trial registration date: 14 September 2019; number: TCTR20190914002.