Emergence of norovirus GII.17[P16] in adult patients with acute gastroenteritis in Thailand during 2021−2023
Issued Date
2025-11-01
Resource Type
eISSN
19326203
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-105022718487
Journal Title
Plos One
Volume
20
Issue
11 November
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Plos One Vol.20 No.11 November (2025)
Suggested Citation
Kittigul L., Pairoh T., Rupprom K., Thongpanich Y., Siri S. Emergence of norovirus GII.17[P16] in adult patients with acute gastroenteritis in Thailand during 2021−2023. Plos One Vol.20 No.11 November (2025). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0337513 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/113319
Title
Emergence of norovirus GII.17[P16] in adult patients with acute gastroenteritis in Thailand during 2021−2023
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Abstract
Background Human norovirus is a major cause of acute gastroenteritis across all age groups. This study investigated the prevalence, genotypes, and viral loads of noroviruses in adult patients with acute gastroenteritis. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2021 and March 2023 in Thailand. The presence of noroviruses GI and GII in stool samples from patients with acute gastroenteritis were tested using RT-nested PCR and DNA sequencing. All norovirus GII-positive samples were further characterized by polymerase-capsid typing assay and semi-nested RT-PCR. Norovirus GII concentrations were determined by RT-qPCR. Results Norovirus GII was detected in 11.2% (28/250) of stool samples. Genotyping of the VP1 and RdRp genes identified GII.4 Sydney 2012[P31], GII.17[P17], and GII.17[P16], with GII.17[P16] being the most frequently detected. Of 28 norovirus GII-positive samples, the most common genotype was GII.17 (35.7%), followed by GII.17[P16] (32.1%), GII.17[P17] (14.3%), GII.4 Den Haag (7.1%), and GII.4 Sydney 2012[P31], GII.3 and GII.2 (3.6% each). GII.4 Sydney[P31] infections had the highest viral load (8.3×10<sup>9</sup> genome copies/g), followed by GII.17[P17] (8.9×10<sup>5</sup>−4.5×10<sup>8</sup> genome copies/g) and GII.17[P16] (3.7×10<sup>4</sup>−1.6×10<sup>7</sup> genome copies/g). GII.3 (2.4×10<sup>4</sup> genome copies/g), GII.4 Den Haag (1.7×10<sup>4</sup> and 3.8×10<sup>4</sup> genome copies/g) and GII.17 (2.4×10<sup>3–7.4×104</sup> genome copies/g) exhibited lower viral concentrations. Conclusions These findings provide important epidemiological insights into norovirus circulation, highlighting the emergence of GII.17[P16] and informing future outbreak preparedness and vaccine development.