Scopus 2025
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Item Metadata only Unlocking Potential Through Upskilling: Motivators and Barriers Among Professional Support Staff in Higher Education(2025-01-01) Suengkamolpisut W.; Sukustit P.; Suengkamolpisut W.; Mahidol UniversityAim/Purpose: The increasing complexity of academic institutions highlights the importance of continuous professional development for all staff. However, the motivators and barriers influencing upskilling engagement among administrative and technical staff remain underexplored in existing research. This study examined how these factors shape the professional development experiences of non-teaching staff who play a critical–yet often overlooked–role in supporting institutional adaptability and performance. Introduction/Background: Grounded in self-determination theory, this study examined how motivational factors and institutional dynamics shape upskilling engagement among administrative and technical staff in higher education. By focusing on this often-overlooked segment of the academic workforce, the study addressed a gap in professional development research and offers practical insights for building institutional capacity in times of rapid change and digital transformation. Methodology: This study adopted a qualitative case study design to explore how intrinsic and extrinsic motivators, alongside institutional barriers, influence upskilling engagement among administrative and technical staff. The case focused on a single academic unit within a large public university in Thailand. All 12 full-time staff participated (purposive sampling), representing roles in information technology, finance, general administration, and operations. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, guided by self-determination theory constructs and perceived barriers. The thematic analysis followed Braun and Clarke’s six-phase framework. The researchers independently coded the data, with consensus reached through iterative discussion, providing a rich, context-specific understanding of how motivation and institutional factors interact in practice. Findings: The study identified three core intrinsic motivators driving engagement in professional development: intellectual curiosity, professional identity, and a lifelong learning orientation. These motivators reflected the importance of autonomy, competence, and relatedness in sustaining participation. Extrinsic motivators—including institutional support (particularly funding), career advancement opportunities, and recognition—further enabled engagement by signalling institutional value and support for staff development. At the same time, several institutional barriers impeded participation. The most frequently cited obstacle was workload pressure, with many staff unable to balance daily responsibilities with development opportunities. Bureaucratic inefficiencies, such as complex funding processes and unclear approval mechanisms, discouraged staff from pursuing available opportunities. In addition, many training programmes were poorly aligned with the specific needs of administrative and technical staff, reducing the perceived value of participation. The findings highlighted that effective engagement in upskilling arises from the dynamic interplay between personal motivators and institutional conditions. While strong intrinsic and extrinsic motivation can help staff overcome minor challenges, persistent systemic barriers undermine even highly motivated individuals. Institutions that support autonomy, competence, and relatedness— through responsive policies and inclusive practices—are better positioned to foster sustained engagement and resilience in their workforce. Addressing these barriers is critical to unlocking the full potential of professional development efforts and supporting long-term organisational adaptability. Contribution/Impact on Society: This study extends self-determination theory by applying it to an underexplored group—administrative and technical staff in higher education—and demonstrats that their motivation to upskill was shaped through the dynamic interaction of personal drivers and institutional structures. It contributes to the body of knowledge by highlighting how institutional environments can either support or suppress the core psychological needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Practically, the findings provide evidence for designing professional development strategies that are inclusive, role-specific, and responsive to the lived experiences of non-teaching staff. By advancing understanding of these dynamics, the study supports institutional efforts to build a motivated and adaptable workforce, contributing to Sustainable Development Goals such as SDG 4 (Quality Education) and SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth). It also offers actionable insights for academic leaders, human resource practitioners, and policymakers seeking to enhance the impact of staff development initiatives within an increasingly complex higher education landscape. Recommendations: Institutions should adopt development strategies that address both motivational drivers and structural barriers. Key actions include allocating protected time for development, streamlining access to funding, involving staff in program design to ensure relevance, linking upskilling to career progression, and embedding recognition practices. A holistic, inclusive approach can strengthen engagement and resilience as higher education adapts to digital and organisational transformation. Research Limitations: This study was limited to a single academic unit within one Thai university, which may limit transferability of its findings to other institutional or cultural contexts. Additionally, as a qualitative study based on self-reported interviews, the results reflect participants’ subjective experiences and may not capture unspoken influences on engagement in professional development. Further exploration in diverse institutional settings is needed to validate and extend these findings. Future Research: Future research should examine motivational dynamics across varied institutional and cultural contexts, using comparative or multi-site designs. Mixed-methods and longitudinal approaches are recommended to explore the long-term effects of upskilling on retention, career mobility, and institutional adaptability. Further investigation into the role of leadership, human resource policy, and workplace culture in shaping engagement would also be valuable.Item Metadata only Nanocellulose-Based Microneedles for Enhanced Topical Drug Delivery(2025-01-01) Khan M.J.; Ramzan A.; Sakdaronnarong C.; Khan M.J.; Mahidol UniversityThis chapter offers an extensive review of polymer-based microneedles (MNs) as an important technique for transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS). Polymer MNs, produced from biocompatible, biodegradable, and/or synthetic polymers, have numerous benefits in TDDS, such as facile manufacture, customizable drug release profiles, and reduced invasiveness. MNs could efficiently penetrate tissues, preserving continuous contact without injury while generating a strong adhesive force. The design concepts and materials choice for polymer-based MNs emphasize the characteristics of frequently utilized polymers, including poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose and hydrogel-based materials. Cellulose has garnered considerable attention in the production of MNs due to its distinctive qualities, such as high mechanical strength, low cost, and ease of fabrication. These polymers can be customized for several therapeutic uses, facilitating the efficient delivery of various drugs, from small organic molecules to large biomacromolecules. The study also addresses MNs production techniques like micro-molding, drawing lithography, 3D printing, and solvent casting, as well as the mechanical and drug-delivery efficiency properties of polymer MNs, such as insertion ability and skin penetration. Finally, it evaluates the use of cellulose/organic polymer-based MNs in a variety of therapies, such as vaccinations, drug/protein delivery, and pain management. This chapter highlights the promise of polymer-based MNs for TDDS by breaking down existing barriers and providing a less intrusive alternative to injection-based therapy.Item Metadata only The need to connect One Health and Planetary Health(2025-12-01) Morand S.; Morand S.; Mahidol UniversityOne Health still suffers from the lack of commitment of environmental sectors and disciplines, but benefits from international recognition and the capacity to mobilize intersectoral collaboration, while planetary health demonstrates its capacity to integrate environmental factors and to foster communities of practice that link global health, environmental justice and planetary drivers. Planetary Health has the potential to revitalize One Health by ensuring deeper environmental integration and fostering the transformative ecological and societal changes, based on scientific evidences, needed to address today’s interconnected environmental and health crises.Item Metadata only CULTURAL ARTS KNOWLEDGE TRAINING COURSE FOR THE SURVIVAL OF ETHNIC GROUPS IN PHUTAKIAN COMMUNITY THA SAO SUBDISTRICT, SAI YOK DISTRICT, KANCHANABURI PROVINCE(2025-07-15) Phothikawin D.; Sutthisarasophit P.; Seechomnim W.; Phothikawin D.; Mahidol UniversityBackground and Objectives: The Ban Phutakian Community, Tha Sao Subdistrict, Sai Yok District, Kanchanaburi Province, is a community with a history that dates back to before World War II. It is also a community where various ethnic groups have settled, including the Mon ethnic group, the Karen ethnic group, the Thai Yuan ethnic group, and other ethnic groups. As a result, the arts and culture within this community are diverse and unique. It has also provided arts and culture occupations that support people in the community. However, due to the changing social and cultural situation, the knowledge of arts and culture that has a role and function in traditions and culture has been reduced in importance, which also affects these arts and culture occupations. The number of people employed in arts and culture has decreased. As a result, music teachers, musicians, and actors have moved and changed their occupations, which is an important reason why the arts and culture that are the foundation of the Phutakian community are disappearing. Therefore, this research aims to study the history and knowledge of arts and culture for the livelihood of ethnic groups and to develop a training curriculum for knowledge of arts and culture for the livelihood of ethnic groups, in order to be a tool for preserving and restoring cultural heritage to remain in a tangible form and to be an important foundation for the development of training curricula which will help promote the transfer of knowledge from generation to generation systematically, resulting in participatory learning within the community. This can also create opportunities to adapt traditional wisdom to suit modern lifestyles, which will lead to awareness of cultural values in ethnic groups, especially among youth who are the inheritors of knowledge in the future. Methods: We conducted the research using Participatory Action Research (PAR) as the primary methodological framework. Field data were collected through semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and participant observation. The key informants included: (1) community leaders and local wisdom holders, (2) musicians and performing artists, and (3) school directors and teachers. Additionally, a quantitative research component was conducted using a questionnaire survey, with the population and sample group consisting of students at Phutthawimut Wittaya School. Results: The research results found that history and knowledge of arts and culture are cultural heritages of ethnic groups, reflecting the identity of the community through knowledge of arts and culture, including ethnic traditional play, ethnic music, and Mon Likay performances. However, due to social and cultural changes, some of this knowledge has been lost. The community has therefore begun to restore it by using the educational process. This process can be integrated with Participatory Action Research (PAR) community participation to conduct training courses to create a learning process in arts and culture. The evaluation results of the training course on knowledge of arts and culture for livelihood showed that the level of awareness of the training course on arts and culture for livelihood in terms of curriculum and content, lecturers, teaching media and equipment, study locations, and environment was at a high level. In terms of training activities, knowledge and understanding gained from training, as well as application of this knowledge, were at the highest level. Conclusions: This research aimed to study the history and knowledge of arts and culture for the livelihood of ethnic groups within the Phutakian community. This knowledge of arts and culture has been passed down from generation to generation, becoming a model that can be learned, especially ethnic traditional play, music, and Mon Likay performances. It plays an important role in traditions and rituals and enhances entertainment, love, and unity within the community. However, with the current social and cultural dynamics, the arts and culture of ethnic groups within the community have begun to disappear. Therefore, this study designed the process of developing a training course on knowledge of arts and culture for the livelihood of ethnic groups using the concept of curriculum development, starting from problem analysis, setting goals, selecting and organizing content, and designing learning experiences to evaluation, emphasizing the participation of knowledgeable people in ethnic communities together with educational institutions to create a learning process that is consistent with the context of the community. The results of this research indicate that the development of such a training course is a concrete approach that can effectively conserve, restore, and promote the continuation of cultural knowledge and plays an important role in sustainably maintaining cultural identity in the community.Item Metadata only A SINGLE-CASE STUDY OF USING MUSIC THERAPY TO IMPROVE EXPRESSIVE LANGUAGE IN A STROKE PATIENT WITH BROCA’S APHASIA(2025-07-15) Preechanon N.; Boonyam T.; Chiengchana N.; Preechanon N.; Mahidol UniversityBackground and Objectives: This research examines the effect of music therapy on improving expressive language in stroke patients with Broca’s aphasia. Broca’s aphasia is a form of language impairment characterized by a significant difficulty in speaking and constructing grammatically correct sentences, particularly affecting conjunctions and prepositions such as ‘and,’ ‘or,’ and ‘but.’ Broca’s aphasia patients may also struggle with using prepositions. Although they retain an understanding of language and are aware of their communicative intentions, damage to the brain regions involved in speech production hinders their ability to articulate thoughts accurately, resulting in limited vocabulary. For example, a patient who wishes to say, ‘Take the dog for a walk,’ might express it as simply, ‘Dog walk.’ The rehabilitation of these skills often focuses primarily on speech therapy. Speech therapists provide various assessments and exercises to help patients practice and regain their speech abilities, aiming to restore them as closely as possible to their original state. Besides speech therapy, music therapy is another professional field commonly used abroad, either on its own or alongside speech therapy. Numerous studies have highlighted the positive impact of music therapy on the recovery from Broca’s aphasia. Music therapy is defined as the use of musical activities to support individualized therapeutic goals, emphasizing the dynamic interaction between the music therapist, music, and the client. These activities must be grounded in research, and music therapists are required to have completed accredited music therapy training. Through the researcher’s investigation, it was found that, in Thailand, a considerable number of stroke patients experience significant challenges in communication. However, music therapy has not yet been incorporated into the rehabilitation process for improving communication skills in stroke patients. Furthermore, the adaptation of music therapy to align with Thailand’s unique linguistic context remains underdeveloped. Internationally, numerous studies have explored the benefits of music therapy in stroke patients with Broca’s aphasia. These studies highlight that musical tones and rhythms can stimulate the right hemisphere of the brain, compensating for damage to the left hemisphere, enabling patients to use singing as an alternative means of communication. International research has investigated the use of music—particularly pitch, melody, and rhythm—to engage undamaged brain regions and facilitate recovery. Neurologic Music Therapy commonly employs techniques such as Melodic Intonation Therapy (MIT) and Therapeutic Singing (TS). While most studies focus on English-speaking populations, research on music therapy for stroke patients with Broca’s aphasia in Thailand remains lacking, despite the significant number of individuals affected and their unique linguistic needs. This study aims to examine the impact of music therapy on the rehabilitation of language skills in stroke patients with Broca’s aphasia. It seeks to provide guidelines for patients and families on utilizing music therapy for speech recovery and to offer insights for music therapists on effective rehabilitation methods. Additionally, this research will contribute valuable knowledge for further studies in this area. Methods: This research employs a mixed-method incorporating both A-B single-case and a case-study design. Using Melodic Intonation Therapy and Therapeutic Singing, this study focuses on four key areas of speaking skills: intelligible verbalizations, verbalizing single words, verbalizing phrases, and verbalizing sentences. The music therapy intervention consisted of eight sessions in total. The Individualized Music Therapy Assessment Profile (IMTAP) and Thai Adaptation Aphasia Battery (T-WAB) were used to measure the outcome. The researcher employed the Thai Adaptation of the Western Aphasia Battery (T-WAB) to evaluate and classify the type and severity of aphasia. This assessment includes four key areas: 1) Spontaneous Speech, 2) Auditory Verbal Comprehension, 3) Repetition, and 4) Naming. Testing occurred both before and after the music therapy interventions, with assessments conducted by a speech therapist. Furthermore, the researcher used the Individualized Music Therapy Assessment Profile (IMTAP), a tool that music therapists utilize to evaluate various abilities in both children and adults. This study focuses on the language skills section (Expressive Communication), particularly subcategory E: Verbalizations, which encompasses assessments of comprehension, single-word responses, phrase construction, and sentence formation. Results: The results showed that intelligible verbalizations during the baseline phase had an average of 40%, which steadily increased to 80% and even 100% during the music therapy phase. Verbalization of single words averaged 50% at the baseline, but scores gradually increased throughout the music therapy sessions, reaching a peak at 100%. For phrase-length verbalizations, the baseline average was 33.3%, which improved to 80% and eventually to 100% during the music therapy phase. Verbalization of sentences showed a baseline average of 0%, but increased to 40%, 80%, and 100% over the course of the therapy sessions. Conclusions: This research provides guidelines for using music therapy to enhance the speaking skills of stroke patients with Broca’s aphasia. From this study, music therapists can gain valuable methods and procedures for applying music therapy techniques to improve expressive language in such patients, while those interested in further studying this population can also receive useful insights and guidelines for using music therapy in future research and development.Item Metadata only IDEAS AND COMPOSITIONAL TECHNIQUES IN “TWO SIDES OF THE SAME COIN” FOR TWO ALTO SAXOPHONES(2025-07-15) Sookjaeng A.; Sookjaeng A.; Mahidol UniversityBackground and Objectives: Two Sides of the Same Coin is a contemporary composition for two alto saxophones. It follows the creative success of the composer’s previous work, Sadayu, for soprano saxophone—a piece that received international attention through performances at the 18th World Saxophone Congress in Croatia, the Singapore Saxophone Symposium 2018, and the 17th Thailand International Composition Festival 2023. Despite the growing support for Thai composers in academic and professional music circles, compositions for saxophone duet are still relatively few. This composition aims to create a repertoire for saxophone and build upon existing knowledge. Furthermore, the piece was intended for performance on international stages, thereby contributing to the continued global recognition of Thai composers’ work. Methods: This study is qualitative research in music composition. The process began with a study of Sadayu, which is notable for its use of coloristic changes and applying pentatonic scales. The goal was to surpass the musical and technical complexity of the earlier piece. Two Sides of the Same Coin draws its conceptual foundation from a physical object: a coin. The motion of a spinning coin inspired not only the title but also the sonic ideas of the piece. Results: The compositional concept of changing tone colors was inspired by observing the blurred alternation of a coin's head and tail as it spins—an effect mimicked in the music using bisbigliando, a technique involving rapid alternation between ordinary and alternative fingerings for the same note. This is further enhanced by using a wide vibrato spanning a quarter of a tone and exaggerated vibrato as well as aggressive tongue fluttering techniques to add intensity to sustained pitch. The use of extended techniques in terms of sound effects adds interest to the composition by using pitches that are ambiguous or unpitched sound and including distorted sounds. These techniques play a secondary role to timbral changes namely slap tongue, air blowing, tongue ram, multiphonics, and key clicks. The melodic development focuses on the subtle and skillful application of pentatonic scales through pitch distribution, the simultaneous presentation of two pentatonic scales, and rapid changes in pitch collections to make the music more interesting and colorful. The composition successfully fulfills its original objectives. It presents complex compositional techniques, integrates extended saxophone techniques as core elements, and has already been featured in international music festivals. The premiere performance occurred at the 18th Thailand International Composition Festival 2024 using two alto saxophones as originally intended. A subsequent performance at the XXI Ciclo Internacional de Música Contemporánea in Spain featured a version for two soprano saxophones, which also conveyed the essential timbral transformations and technical demands of the original with equal effectiveness. Conclusions: The composition Two Sides of the Same Coin effectively showcases extended techniques and a skillful, sophisticated application of the pentatonic scale. Due to its successful performances on international concert stages, it can be said that the piece is suitable for both alto and soprano saxophones. For future performances, the researcher encourages musicians interested in this work to choose the type of saxophone based on previously performed versions, and they are also welcome to experiment with using tenor or baritone saxophones.Item Metadata only FROM VIOLIN TO CELLO: CÉSAR FRANCK’S SONATA AND ITS TRANSCRIPTIONS(2025-07-15) Nakagawa E.; Nakagawa E.; Mahidol UniversityBackground and Objectives: César Franck’s Sonata in A Major, originally composed for violin and piano, was transcribed for cello by Jules Delsart, and this transcription has been the basis for most subsequent cello editions. However, various editors have made distinct interpretative choices that affect the work’s technical demands and expressive qualities. This study explores Delsart’s transcription in comparison with four modern cello editions: those by Leonard Rose (IMC), Peter Jost (Henle), Douglas Woodfull-Harris (Bärenreiter), and Yuki Hasegawa (Édition les bons concerts). The primary objective is to examine how editorial choices—particularly with respect to register, dynamic treatment, articulation, and pitch alterations—diverge from Delsart’s transcription and how these changes impact the piece’s expressive character. By examining these variants, this study also explores how these editorial decisions manifest in the performances of six renowned cellists. Methods: The study compares the original violin version of the Sonata to Delsart’s cello transcription and four modern editions. The analysis focuses on register changes, dynamic modifications, articulation variations, and pitch alterations. These modern editions represent a range of interpretive approaches—from those closely following Delsart’s original to those integrating more contemporary performance practices. To investigate how these editorial choices manifest in performance, six prominent recordings of the Sonata by renowned cellists are examined: János Starker, Jacqueline du Pré, Mischa Maisky, Steven Isserlis, Yo-Yo Ma, and Gautier Capuçon. Results: The comparison reveals important distinctions between Delsart’s transcription and the modern editions, especially regarding register choices. Leonard Rose’s edition raises the cello’s register in certain passages to enhance brilliance and projection. In contrast, Peter Jost adheres more closely to Delsart’s register, preserving the work’s original character. Douglas Woodfull-Harris introduces slight modifications to the cello’s part, reflecting a sensitivity to historical performance practices, while Yuki Hasegawa reimagines the piano accompaniment to achieve better balance with the cello, addressing modern acoustic needs. Among the recordings studied, Jacqueline du Pré’s interpretation remains closest to Delsart’s choices, emphasizing the richness and depth of the cello’s lower register. Steven Isserlis adjusts the register to reflect Franck’s original violin part, incorporating early performance traditions into his interpretation. Yo-Yo Ma and Gautier Capuçon both raise the register in various sections to ensure clarity and projection, adapting their performances to the modern concert hall environment. Mischa Maisky explores the full range of the cello, bringing a sense of intensity and clarity by blending both low and high-register passages. Finally, János Starker strikes a balance, using a selective approach to register choices that enhance the richness of the work while maintaining tonal balance. Conclusions: This study highlights how register choices in César Franck’s Sonata in A Major, in Delsart’s transcription for cello and piano, profoundly shape the emotional and stylistic character of a performance. The decision to remain faithful to Delsart’s transcription, with its emphasis on the cello’s natural depth, or to explore higher registers for a more lyrical, brilliant sound, offers performers a wide range of expressive possibilities. These choices are not simply technical but reflect each performer’s unique artistic vision, balancing tone color, projection, comfort, and expressive intent. A recent recording by Adam Satinsky and the author reflects these nuanced decisions, demonstrating how engagement with register can heighten a performance’s communicative power. Through these interpretations, Franck’s Sonata continues to invite personal expression, fostering ongoing exploration of its emotional and musical potential.Item Metadata only THE ROLE OF MUSIC ACTIVITIES IN STRENGTHENING FAMILY BONDS AND EARLY CHILDHOOD CARE IN VULNERABLE FAMILIES(2025-01-01) Puangsamlee P.; Puangsamlee P.; Mahidol UniversityBackground and Objectives: This study aims to investigate the interest and readiness of vulnerable families in using music activities as a tool to enhance early childhood care. It is based on the concept that music can promote emotional and social development while improving familial relationships, particularly in situations where families have economic and societal limitations. Music has been recognized for its ability to support cognitive and emotional development in children while also promoting familial bonding. This research aims to understand parents' perspectives on music activities and their practicality in daily life to support early childhood development and strengthen family relationships. Methods: A qualitative case study approach was adopted to gain in-depth insights into the role of music activities in early childhood care. The study involved ten families in Bangkok, selected through purposive sampling from a program aimed at promoting children's well-being in underprivileged settings. The sample group was specifically selected from a project aimed at enhancing children's well-being in underprivileged contexts, considering their readiness and willingness to participate. The selected families are from vulnerable households identified by the community and meet the criteria for multidimensional poverty, including low income, multiple deprivations, family system challenges, and inadequate caregiving. Families participating in this study must fulfill all of these conditions, and must be willing and able to join family music activities at the National Institute for Child and Family Development, Mahidol University. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and participant observations of family interactions during the program. The study focused on five music activities: (1) Guess the song, (2) Sounds Domino, (3) The Home Dance Party, (4) Relaxation Massage with Music, and (5) Musical Bedtime Stories. Each activity was intentionally designed to be simple, requiring minimal resources and a short duration (10-15 minutes) to reduce the burden on families. Moreover, the activities were flexible, allowing families to modify them based on their individual schedules, child development needs, and available resources. The study also examined how families adapted these activities over time and how they influenced children's engagement levels and emotional responses. Results: The study revealed that participating families demonstrated a strong interest and readiness to incorporate music activities into their daily routines. Activities that encouraged active participation and enjoyment, such as “Sounds Domino” or “Animal Sound Dominoes,” were particularly well received due to their simplicity and ability to create a relaxed, engaging environment. Physical movement activities, such as family dance sessions, also gained positive feedback as they energized children and fostered stronger family connections. In contrast, passive music-based activities, such as “Relaxation Massage with Music,” were less favored due to the lower level of engagement and interaction. From the caregivers' perspectives, flexibility emerged as a key determinant of the success of these activities. Many caregivers expressed appreciation for the ability to modify activities to suit their family's daily schedules and individual capabilities. The short duration and low complexity of the activities allowed for consistent engagement without creating additional stress or burden. Additionally, caregivers reported noticeable improvements in children's self-confidence, communication skills, and creative expression as a result of participating in music activities. These activities also served as a catalyst for strengthening family relationships by creating meaningful opportunities for interaction. For example, musical bedtime stories not only contributed to emotional warmth and security but also reinforced language development and imagination. Meanwhile, family dance sessions provided an outlet for self-expression and facilitated joyful interactions among family members. Furthermore, the study found that incorporating music activities helped reduce stress among caregivers, making daily childcare routines more enjoyable and less overwhelming. Conclusions: The findings of this study highlight that music activities can serve as a valuable tool for promoting early childhood development and enhancing family relationships, particularly among vulnerable families with limited resources. When designed to be simple, adaptable, and easily integrated into daily routines, music-based interventions can significantly improve the quality of life for both children and caregivers. This study underscores the importance of incorporating music into early childhood care by demonstrating its role in bridging the gap between caregivers and children, fostering positive and meaningful interactions. The results suggest that music activities can not only support children's developmental needs but also create a supportive and nurturing family environment. Future research should explore the long-term effects of these activities to assess their sustained impact on child development. Investigating the integration of music-based approaches in other vulnerable groups, such as families in rural communities or households with children with special needs, could further broaden the applicability and effectiveness of music interventions. Additionally, exploring digital and technology-enhanced adaptations of these activities may increase accessibility for a wider range of families. Practical suggestions include integrating this activity into child development centers, kindergartens, or creating a package of activities that are appropriate for families with time and resource constraints. This study represents a significant step in applying music as a practical tool for early childhood care and serves as a foundation for developing innovative activities that enhance child and family well-being in diverse contexts.Item Metadata only Human Fall Detection Through Velocity-Driven Temporal Deep Learning(2025-01-01) Ahmed N.; Hasan M.R.; Shakib F.H.; Rabbani H.; Rabbi R.; Khan S.T.; Zereen A.N.; Ahmed N.; Mahidol UniversityAccidental falls remain one of the most frequent and dangerous incidents among older adults, often leading to hospitalization, long-term disability, and loss of independence. This research presents a novel, non-wearable, vision-based system that addresses the challenge of real-time fall detection and instability recognition in home environments. The system uses monocular-camera-captured video to track human motion and classify it into three categories: normal, fall, or unstable. By employing YOLOv8 for keypoint extraction and a two-stage deep learning framework, the model predicts human movement velocity and classifies activities based on temporal skeleton keypoint dynamics. The two-stage framework consists of two separate LSTM-based models: the first stage predicts velocity from keypoint sequences using regression, and the second stage classifies motion into three categories. Evaluation on a primary dataset of 3449 annotated high-resolution video clips demonstrates a 90% classification accuracy. Compared to baseline methods, the proposed system improves the accuracy of fall detection, showing strong potential for practical deployment in elderly care settings. The approach offers a scalable and unobtrusive solution for continuous monitoring, eliminating the need for wearable devices.Item Metadata only Temporal Fusion of Convolutional and LSTM Networks for Vision-Based Fall Detection Using Anatomical Keypoints(2025-01-01) Tasnim H.; Joy A.D.; Dutta A.; Rabbi R.; Zereen A.N.; Tasnim H.; Mahidol UniversityFall remains a leading cause of injury and serious health consequences, particularly among elderly individuals. Traditional fall detection systems often rely on wearable devices equipped with sensors, which can be inconvenient. On the other hand, existing deep learning-based approaches mostly analyze image or video data directly and involve complex, resourceintensive architectures that are unsuitable for practical, resourceconstrained settings. To resolve these issues, this study proposes a hybrid Convolutional Neural Network-Long Short-Term Memory (CNN-LSTM) architecture, leveraging both spatial and temporal dependencies of YOLOv8-extracted anatomical keypoints from sequential video frames of the Le2i fall detection dataset. Moreover, motion-based feature engineering and hyperparameter tuning are applied, enabling the model to achieve an accuracy of 98.48% using only 52 features, including 34 anatomical keypoints and 18 motion features (velocity, rolling mean, standard deviation). A comparative analysis with the baseline lstm, Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) models is also conducted, demonstrating the superior performance of the proposed CNN-LSTM approach. Additionally, to enable practical usage of the model in resource-limited settings, a web interface is developed for real-time monitoring, alerts, and spacespecific filtering, allowing separate monitoring of personal areas while addressing privacy concerns.Item Metadata only Exploring the Potential of Large Language Models in Addressing Challenges of Hospital Information Systems(2025-01-01) Pongsabutr T.; Gerdsri N.; Wannamakok W.; Pongsabutr T.; Mahidol UniversityThis study aims to examine the pain points encountered by healthcare providers in utilizing HIS and to explore the potential of LLMs in addressing these challenges through a structured proof-of-concept evaluation. The research objectives include identifying specific challenges through qualitative interviews with 6 healthcare professionals, assessing the potential utility of LLMs based on both literature and empirical findings, testing LLM performance on predefined patient case scenarios, and formulating recommendations for the integration of LLM technology into HIS. By addressing these research questions, this study seeks to contribute to the discourse on AI-driven advancements in healthcare informatics, offering insights into how LLMs may enhance data interoperability, accuracy, and clinical decision support within HIS frameworks.Item Metadata only BDCoins: A Comprehensive Dataset for Bangladeshi Coin Detection Using YOLOv11(2025-01-01) Iqbal K.N.; Taj T.A.; Mahee M.N.I.; Fahim M.; Zereen A.N.; Iqbal K.N.; Mahidol UniversityCurrency detection is a complex task due to the diverse patterns and rich features found in different currencies. Identifying coins presents unique challenges, as their appearance can vary with orientation and environmental conditions. Recent approaches in the field shift from manual feature engineering to automated systems using deep learning, which demonstrate superior accuracy and robustness. Object detection models like YOLO have become popular for coin recognition due to their speed and accuracy, with research works applying various versions to identify specific national currencies. Despite these advances, research on Bangladeshi currency detection, particularly for coins, remains very limited. A significant research gap exists because there is no large, publicly available dataset that includes the newly designed 1, 2, and 5 Taka coins, their variations, and images of both their front and back sides. This paper addresses this gap by introducing BDCoins, a custom benchmark dataset containing 11,133 annotated images of Bangladeshi coins. The dataset encompasses all old and new variations of the 1,2, and 5 Taka denominations, with images captured under diverse conditions to reflect real-world scenarios. A YOLOv11 model is trained and validated on this dataset for detection and classification. The model achieves an F1 score of 0.983 and demonstrates 0.982 accuracy in testing, providing a foundational tool for automated Bangladeshi currency recognition systems.Item Metadata only Structural analysis of the mission dimension of the Denison model: Evidence from a Hungarian energy corporation(2025-01-01) Vokony I.; Biró K.; Szalmáné Csete M.; Vokony I.; Mahidol UniversityThe relationship between organizational culture and corporate competitiveness has become a central area of organizational research in recent decades. Using Denison's organizational culture model, this study analyzes how the mission dimension of culture manifests itself at different levels of an organization, using the example of a large Hungarian energy company, and what internal relationships can be identified between the elements of vision, strategic direction, and objectives. The empirical study is based on a large-scale (N = 4.361) questionnaire survey, which was analyzed using multivariate statistical methods. The analysis covers the presentation of the average values of the questions, comparisons by job position, and correlation and cluster analyses. Based on the results, the elements of the mission dimension form a coherent structure overall, but there are significant differences in the interpretation of strategic direction and goals along the organizational hierarchy. Elements related to leadership approach and goal tracking show weaker integration in several analyses. The study contributes to the empirical expansion of the Denison model's application in Hungary and highlights critical points in the organizational role of the mission dimension.Item Metadata only The Study of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Sensor for Sensitive Detection of Glyphosate Pesticide(2025-01-01) Hongoeb J.; Mukhopadhyay S.C.; Phopin K.; Tantimongcolwat T.; Hongoeb J.; Mahidol UniversityThe excessive usage and persistent environmental presence of the hazardous pesticide, glyphosate, lead to significant contamination of the food chain and various ecosystems. Studies indicated the potency of this chemical to exert several severe life-threatening complications, raising health concerns throughout the globe. Unfortunately, conventional methods often suffer from expensive instrumentations, complicated operation, and lengthy analysis time. Therefore, this study proposed a simple, user-friendly, and cost-effective molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-modified electrode for sensitive glyphosate detection. Preliminary studies using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) demonstrated the possibility of this approach as a promising alternative. The developed sensor revealed a working range of 0.005 to 5 μg/mL, achieving an excellent coefficient of determination (R 2) of 0.992 when utilizing the resistance parameter at a particular frequency of 5 kHz for analysis. The calculated limit of detection (LOD) of 0.437 μg/mL was also obtained. As a result, this proposed MIP-modified sensor is able to be further developed into a robust method for glyphosate detection, ultimately facilitating regulatory enforcement and safeguarding human well-being.Item Metadata only Effects of Caffeine on Kidney Stone Disease and Renal Cancer(2025-05-23) Peerapen P.; Thongboonkerd V.; Peerapen P.; Mahidol UniversityCaffeine is a natural xanthine alkaloid commonly found in coffee beans, cocoa beans, and tea leaves. It acts as a non-selective adenosine receptor antagonist and can block adenosine receptors expressed on renal tubular epithelial cells, leading to diuresis and natriuresis. Caffeine has long been known to have beneficial effects on human health, as it can reduce risks of many diseases. Several lines of recent evidence have shown the protective roles of coffee and caffeine consumption in kidney stone disease and renal cancer. This chapter thus provides an overview of the physiological roles of caffeine in kidney functions and summarizes the previous and recent data on the roles of coffee and caffeine consumption in kidney stone disease and renal cancer.Item Metadata only Domain-Specific Named Entity Recognition in Hotel Reviews Using Large Language Models(2025-01-01) Tiebrat K.; Chuckpaiwong R.; Samanchuen T.; Tiebrat K.; Mahidol UniversityExtracting meaningful insights from large volumes of hotel review text remains a key challenge in natural language processing. Traditional methods often rely on manual feature design or limited rule-based systems. This study introduces an automated workflow that uses large language models (LLMs) to transform unstructured hotel reviews into structured, analytical data. The process integrates predefined prompts with the review texts to guide the model in identifying entities, classifying them into relevant aspects, and determining sentiment polarity. The approach effectively captures contextual information and produces highly interpretable, structured outputs. By leveraging prompt engineering and LLM inference, it reduces human intervention while maintaining analytical depth. The proposed workflow demonstrates the potential of LLM-driven automation to streamline sentiment and aspect extraction from usergenerated content, enabling scalable and data-driven insights in hospitality and related domains.Item Metadata only Improving Course Registration Efficiency Through LINE Chatbot with LLM Integration(2025-01-01) On-Uean K.; Chaikot A.; Samanchuen T.; Pookkaman W.; On-Uean K.; Mahidol UniversityThis study addresses inefficiencies in course registration at a private training center that used Google Forms. The process resulted in redundant data entry, a 25% error rate, and no real-time status tracking. The study pursued three objectives 1) developing an Automated Question Answering System (AQAS) using LLM technology 2) implementing an Automated Course Registration System (ACRS) via LINE Messaging API and 3) minimizing data entry errors to enhance data management efficiency. System development followed the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) waterfall model, the system was developed through structured phases of analysis, design, implementation, testing, deployment, and maintenance. Data management utilizes MySQL database with administrator validation conducted directly through LINE. System evaluation presented improvements in all three objectives. The LLMintegrated question-answering system achieved 86% accuracy across 50 structured queries. Comparative testing with 80 participants across three courses showed that the LINE-based registration system improved registration data entry accuracy by a 26.7% relative increase and reduced processing time by 50-66 %. These improvements enhanced user interaction quality, reduced staff workload, and demonstrated the effectiveness of AI-enabled chatbots for educational administration.Item Metadata only Toxic Leadership Influencing Turnover Intention of ICT Staff in the University(2025-01-01) Fongkum N.; Kirivan V.; Leelasantitham A.; Fongkum N.; Mahidol UniversityHigher education institutions are increasingly experiencing staff turnover, particularly among information and communication technology (ICT) personnel, which poses challenges to operational efficiency and continuity. This study examines the impact of toxic leadership on ICT staff turnover intention. It further investigates how factors such as satisfaction of self-determination, workplace as a learning environment, growth needs, work engagement, and emotional exhaustion are related to turnover intention. The findings offer insights into how leadership and organizational factors influence employee retention and provide guidance for strategies aimed at improving workplace well-being.Item Metadata only Design of an Agentic-AI-Based Accessible Library Service for Persons with Disabilities(2025-01-01) Tonnondaeng P.; Maneechay P.; Warinsiriruk E.; Wang Y.T.; Tonnondaeng P.; Mahidol UniversityTo address persistent barriers in information access for persons with visual impairments, this paper proposes a conceptual design of an Agentic-AI-enabled accessible library service model that supports more independent use of library resources. The system integrates two core components: an AI Agent that answers general library inquiries and book-location queries via natural-language voice interaction, and an Optical Character Recognition (OCR) based reading module that converts printed text into digital text and delivers it as synthesized speech. Orchestrated through automated workflow, these components form an autonomous, staff-independent service workflow that reduces reliance on human assistance. System performance was evaluated in two experimental modules: Module 1 assessed the AI Agent's ability to respond to typical librarian-user queries, and Module 2 evaluated the accuracy of searching for and identifying shelf locations of specific books, while the OCR module was tested on Thai text, English text, and mathematical expressions. The results showed 0 % residual error in reconstructing Thai and English descriptive text, whereas mathematical content remained challenging. Overall, the findings support the technical feasibility of the proposed model as a foundation for more inclusive, AIsupported library services for visually impaired users.Item Metadata only Enterprise Architecture: Myth, Reality, and Success Factors(2025-01-01) Mayakul T.; Hiranchan S.; Mayakul T.; Mahidol UniversityEnterprise Architecture (EA) has evolved into a critical strategic framework for digital transformation, yet implementation failure rates remain consistently high across both government and private sector organizations. A significant gap persists between theoretical EA benefits and practical implementation outcomes, necessitating systematic investigation of success and failure factors. The system reviews revealed six core success factors: strong governance and leadership, effective communication and collaboration, organizational integration, skilled teams, strategic alignment, and appropriate methodologies. Communication emerged as the critical enabler for change management, while organizational anchoring mediated other factors' effectiveness. Government organizations emphasized governance structures and regulatory compliance, whereas private enterprises focused on agility and return on investment. Both sectors required continuous evaluation mechanisms for sustained EA benefits. The findings conclusively demonstrate that EA success depends on sustained organizational work rather than framework selection or technological solutions alone. Effective implementation requires establishing clear to-be vision, comprehensive planning across business-data-application-technology domains, and ongoing commitment to architectural discipline. This research bridges the theory-practice gap by providing evidence-based guidance for organizations seeking EA transformation success. Enterprise Architecture works only when organizations commit to doing the necessary work.