Incidence and Predicting Factors of Opportunistic Infections after Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation among Treatment-naïve Patients with HIV Infection: A Retrospective Cohort Study in A Tertiary Care Hospital
Issued Date
2024-01-01
Resource Type
ISSN
23259574
eISSN
23259582
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85190347302
Pubmed ID
38592111
Journal Title
Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care
Volume
23
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SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care Vol.23 (2024)
Suggested Citation
Wongkittipong P., Kiertiburanakul S. Incidence and Predicting Factors of Opportunistic Infections after Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation among Treatment-naïve Patients with HIV Infection: A Retrospective Cohort Study in A Tertiary Care Hospital. Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care Vol.23 (2024). doi:10.1177/23259582241241167 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/98092
Title
Incidence and Predicting Factors of Opportunistic Infections after Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation among Treatment-naïve Patients with HIV Infection: A Retrospective Cohort Study in A Tertiary Care Hospital
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Author's Affiliation
Corresponding Author(s)
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Abstract
Objectives: To determine the incidence of opportunistic infections (OIs) and the predictive factors for the development of OIs after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation among treatment-naïve patients with HIV infection. Results: Of 401 HIV-infected patients, 38 (9.5%) HIV-infected patients developed OIs after initiating ART, with an incidence rate of 25.6/1000 person-years. The median time (IQR) from ART initiation to OI occurrence was 26.5 (14-73) days. In multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression, body mass index ≤18.5 kg/m2 (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 2.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.18-4.42, P =.015), symptoms at presentation (aHR 13.59, 95% CI 3.24-56.9, P <.001), serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase >55 U/L (aHR 2.09, 95% CI 1.06-4.15, P =.035), and initiation of a dolutegravir-based regimen (aHR 4.39, 95% CI 1.54-12.48, P =.006) were significantly associated with OIs after ART initiation. Conclusion: OIs after ART initiation are common. Malnutrition, symptomatic presentation, abnormal liver enzymes, and DTG-based regimens are predictors of OI occurrence after ART initiation. Physicians must monitor and appropriately treat OIs after ART initiation.