Long-term outcomes and risk modifiers of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease between lean and non-lean populations
Issued Date
2025-01-01
Resource Type
ISSN
22872728
eISSN
2287285X
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85215778509
Pubmed ID
39439408
Journal Title
Clinical and Molecular Hepatology
Volume
31
Issue
1
Start Page
74
End Page
89
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Clinical and Molecular Hepatology Vol.31 No.1 (2025) , 74-89
Suggested Citation
Danpanichkul P., Suparan K., Prasitsumrit V., Ahmed A., Wijarnpreecha K., Kim D. Long-term outcomes and risk modifiers of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease between lean and non-lean populations. Clinical and Molecular Hepatology Vol.31 No.1 (2025) , 74-89. 89. doi:10.3350/CMH.2024.0631 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/103113
Title
Long-term outcomes and risk modifiers of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease between lean and non-lean populations
Corresponding Author(s)
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
One-third of adults across the globe exhibit metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)―formerly known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). To date, MASLD is the fastest-growing etiology of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Besides the population with obesity, MASLD can also be found in lean populations, accounting for 13% of the global population, especially Asians. Notably, individuals with lean MASLD face equal or higher overall mortality rates compared to their non-lean counterparts. Risk modifiers encompass advanced age, hepatic fibrosis, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Moreover, the population with lean MASLD is associated with an increased risk of HCC, while their non-lean counterparts are more prone to cardiovascular outcomes and T2DM. Existing evidence indicates a similar risk of liver-related events and extrahepatic cancer between the two groups. However, MASLD-related genetic variants, such as PNPLA3 and TM6SF2, did not significantly affect mortality between the two populations. Still, underreporting alcohol consumption and regional representation limits the study’s comprehensiveness. Longitudinal studies and mechanistic explorations are needed to understand differences in lean versus non-lean MASLD populations. This review highlights the need for awareness and tailored interventions in managing MASLD, considering lean individuals’ unique risks.