Persistent IP-10/CXCL10 dysregulation following mild Omicron breakthrough infection: Immune network signatures across COVID-19 waves and implications for mRNA vaccine outcomes
3
Issued Date
2025-09-01
Resource Type
ISSN
15216616
eISSN
15217035
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-105004926163
Pubmed ID
40306350
Journal Title
Clinical Immunology
Volume
278
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Clinical Immunology Vol.278 (2025)
Suggested Citation
Vacharathit V., Pluempreecha M., Manopwisedjaroen S., Srisaowakarn C., Srichatrapimuk S., Sritipsukho P., Sritipsukho N., Thitithanyanont A. Persistent IP-10/CXCL10 dysregulation following mild Omicron breakthrough infection: Immune network signatures across COVID-19 waves and implications for mRNA vaccine outcomes. Clinical Immunology Vol.278 (2025). doi:10.1016/j.clim.2025.110507 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/110242
Title
Persistent IP-10/CXCL10 dysregulation following mild Omicron breakthrough infection: Immune network signatures across COVID-19 waves and implications for mRNA vaccine outcomes
Corresponding Author(s)
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
This study explores immune responses in mild Omicron-era COVID-19 breakthrough cases, focusing on cytokine dysregulation, antibody dynamics, and Long COVID. We analyzed samples from 114 mild symptomatic COVID-19 patients across multiple pandemic waves, each dominated by different SARS-CoV-2 variants, at three timepoints: (T1: 2–4 weeks, T2: 3–4 months, T3: 6–8 months post-infection). Persistent IP-10 elevation up to 8 months post–Omicron breakthrough infection suggests sustained low-grade immune activation that appears unique to this wave. Hybrid immunity from Omicron breakthrough infections elicited broad cross-variant antibody recognition but showed declining neutralization over time. Among vaccination regimens, mRNA-inclusive combinations were associated with lower Long COVID scores. CoV-229E antibody levels correlated with Long COVID scores. These findings underscore the need for extended monitoring of even mild COVID-19 cases and highlight the potential of mRNA vaccines in reducing post-COVID-19 complications. Insights into post-infection immune alterations and vaccine effects can inform the development of future vaccination strategies and approaches for managing post-COVID-19 conditions.