Availability and Costs of Allergic Rhinitis Treatments Across the World: A Survey of ARIA Experts
Issued Date
2026-01-01
Resource Type
ISSN
01054538
eISSN
13989995
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-105035872317
Journal Title
Allergy European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Allergy European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2026)
Suggested Citation
Urbano M.C., Vieira R.J., Xiang Y.K., Gil-Mata S., Bedbrook A., Abdullah B., Al-Ahmad M., Al-Nesf M.A., Alvarez-Cuesta E., Amade S.M., Asllani J., Bennoor K.S., Berghea E.C., Calvo-Gil M., Caraballo L.R., Castro E., Cecchi L., Choudhury D., Christoff G., Chu D.K., Cirule I., Cruz A.A., Dokic D., Gemicioglu B., Guzman M.A., Grisle I., Haahtela T., Hossny E., Hoetzenecker W., Hrubisko M., Iinuma T., Ispayeva Z., Ivancevich J.C., Ko F.W.S., Kraxner H., Kupczyk M., Kvedariene V., Lam Y., Larenas-Linnemann D.E., Mahboub B., Mahesh P.A., Masjedi M.R., McDonald G., Melendez A., Mihaltan F., Milenkovic B., Mohammad Y., Niedoszytko M., O'Hehir R.E., Panaitescu C., Panzner P., Papadopoulos N.G., Perez J.M.F., Pham-Thi N., Pitsios C., Plavec D., Repka-Ramirez M.S., Romantowski J., Rostan M.V., Rottem M., Salim H., Tantilipikorn P., Tomic-Spiric V., Valiulis A., Vecillas L.d.l., Ventura M.T., Wallace D., Werminghaus P., Williams S., Zamora F.J.P., Klimek L., Zuberbier T., Pereira A.M., Fonseca J.A., Bousquet J., Sousa-Pinto B. Availability and Costs of Allergic Rhinitis Treatments Across the World: A Survey of ARIA Experts. Allergy European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2026). doi:10.1111/all.70340 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/116373
Title
Availability and Costs of Allergic Rhinitis Treatments Across the World: A Survey of ARIA Experts
Author(s)
Urbano M.C.
Vieira R.J.
Xiang Y.K.
Gil-Mata S.
Bedbrook A.
Abdullah B.
Al-Ahmad M.
Al-Nesf M.A.
Alvarez-Cuesta E.
Amade S.M.
Asllani J.
Bennoor K.S.
Berghea E.C.
Calvo-Gil M.
Caraballo L.R.
Castro E.
Cecchi L.
Choudhury D.
Christoff G.
Chu D.K.
Cirule I.
Cruz A.A.
Dokic D.
Gemicioglu B.
Guzman M.A.
Grisle I.
Haahtela T.
Hossny E.
Hoetzenecker W.
Hrubisko M.
Iinuma T.
Ispayeva Z.
Ivancevich J.C.
Ko F.W.S.
Kraxner H.
Kupczyk M.
Kvedariene V.
Lam Y.
Larenas-Linnemann D.E.
Mahboub B.
Mahesh P.A.
Masjedi M.R.
McDonald G.
Melendez A.
Mihaltan F.
Milenkovic B.
Mohammad Y.
Niedoszytko M.
O'Hehir R.E.
Panaitescu C.
Panzner P.
Papadopoulos N.G.
Perez J.M.F.
Pham-Thi N.
Pitsios C.
Plavec D.
Repka-Ramirez M.S.
Romantowski J.
Rostan M.V.
Rottem M.
Salim H.
Tantilipikorn P.
Tomic-Spiric V.
Valiulis A.
Vecillas L.d.l.
Ventura M.T.
Wallace D.
Werminghaus P.
Williams S.
Zamora F.J.P.
Klimek L.
Zuberbier T.
Pereira A.M.
Fonseca J.A.
Bousquet J.
Sousa-Pinto B.
Vieira R.J.
Xiang Y.K.
Gil-Mata S.
Bedbrook A.
Abdullah B.
Al-Ahmad M.
Al-Nesf M.A.
Alvarez-Cuesta E.
Amade S.M.
Asllani J.
Bennoor K.S.
Berghea E.C.
Calvo-Gil M.
Caraballo L.R.
Castro E.
Cecchi L.
Choudhury D.
Christoff G.
Chu D.K.
Cirule I.
Cruz A.A.
Dokic D.
Gemicioglu B.
Guzman M.A.
Grisle I.
Haahtela T.
Hossny E.
Hoetzenecker W.
Hrubisko M.
Iinuma T.
Ispayeva Z.
Ivancevich J.C.
Ko F.W.S.
Kraxner H.
Kupczyk M.
Kvedariene V.
Lam Y.
Larenas-Linnemann D.E.
Mahboub B.
Mahesh P.A.
Masjedi M.R.
McDonald G.
Melendez A.
Mihaltan F.
Milenkovic B.
Mohammad Y.
Niedoszytko M.
O'Hehir R.E.
Panaitescu C.
Panzner P.
Papadopoulos N.G.
Perez J.M.F.
Pham-Thi N.
Pitsios C.
Plavec D.
Repka-Ramirez M.S.
Romantowski J.
Rostan M.V.
Rottem M.
Salim H.
Tantilipikorn P.
Tomic-Spiric V.
Valiulis A.
Vecillas L.d.l.
Ventura M.T.
Wallace D.
Werminghaus P.
Williams S.
Zamora F.J.P.
Klimek L.
Zuberbier T.
Pereira A.M.
Fonseca J.A.
Bousquet J.
Sousa-Pinto B.
Author's Affiliation
Monash University
Université Paris Cité
McMaster University
Charles University
Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Chinese University of Hong Kong
Technion - Israel Institute of Technology
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
Universidad de Buenos Aires
Universiti Putra Malaysia
Chiba University
École Polytechnique
Universidade Federal da Bahia
Universitätsmedizin Mainz
Vilniaus Universitetas
Semmelweis Egyetem
Tongji University School of Medicine
Kuwait University
Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal
Universitatea de Medicina si Farmacie Carol Davila din Bucuresti
Gdanski Uniwersytet Medyczny
University of Sharjah
Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa
Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP)
Siriraj Hospital
Belgrade University School of Medicine
Universidad Austral de Chile
Sveučilište Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku
İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine
SBUMS School of Medicine
Hamad Medical Corporation
Klinicki Centar Srbije
Universitatea de Medicina si Farmacie Victor Babes din Timisoara
St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton
School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz
Universidad de Cartagena
Scuola di Medicina
Hospital Clínico Universidad De Chile
Emek Medical Center
JSS Medical College & Hospital, Mysuru
Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari
Latakia University
Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University
Fundacion Clinica Medica Sur
Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP
University of Cyprus Medical School
Rīgas Austrumu klīniskā universitātes slimnīca
'San Giovanni di Dio' Hospital
Rashid Hospital
Skin and Allergy Hospital
Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine
Universiteti i Mjekësisë, Tiranë
Uniwersytecki Szpital Kliniczny Nr 1 im. Norberta Barlickiego w Lodz
Medizinische Fakultät
Hospital Central de Maputo
Bērnu klīniskā UniversItātes Slimnīca
Amersham Hospital
Ain Shams University Children's Hospital
Clinica Santa Isabel
National Institute of Diseases of the Chest and Hospital
Hospital Santo Tomás
Marie Curie Emergency Children’s Hospital
Iranian Anti-Tobacco Association
Al-Sham Private University
Instituto and Hospital CUF
St. Elisabeth Oncology Institute
Private Practice
IRBA (Institut de Recherche Bio-Médicale des Armées)
International Primary Care Respiratory Group
County Emergency Clinical Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”
ARIA (Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma)
University Clinic of Pulmology and Allergy
Allergy Clin. Immunol. Clin.
Center for Rhinology and Allergology
Prima Nova
National University
Clinic of Asthma
Latín American Society of Allergy
ENT and Allergology
University Hospital
Bulgarian Alliance for Clinical and Translational Allergy
Spanish Society of Clinical
Université Paris Cité
McMaster University
Charles University
Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Chinese University of Hong Kong
Technion - Israel Institute of Technology
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
Universidad de Buenos Aires
Universiti Putra Malaysia
Chiba University
École Polytechnique
Universidade Federal da Bahia
Universitätsmedizin Mainz
Vilniaus Universitetas
Semmelweis Egyetem
Tongji University School of Medicine
Kuwait University
Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal
Universitatea de Medicina si Farmacie Carol Davila din Bucuresti
Gdanski Uniwersytet Medyczny
University of Sharjah
Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa
Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP)
Siriraj Hospital
Belgrade University School of Medicine
Universidad Austral de Chile
Sveučilište Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku
İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine
SBUMS School of Medicine
Hamad Medical Corporation
Klinicki Centar Srbije
Universitatea de Medicina si Farmacie Victor Babes din Timisoara
St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton
School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz
Universidad de Cartagena
Scuola di Medicina
Hospital Clínico Universidad De Chile
Emek Medical Center
JSS Medical College & Hospital, Mysuru
Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari
Latakia University
Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University
Fundacion Clinica Medica Sur
Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP
University of Cyprus Medical School
Rīgas Austrumu klīniskā universitātes slimnīca
'San Giovanni di Dio' Hospital
Rashid Hospital
Skin and Allergy Hospital
Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine
Universiteti i Mjekësisë, Tiranë
Uniwersytecki Szpital Kliniczny Nr 1 im. Norberta Barlickiego w Lodz
Medizinische Fakultät
Hospital Central de Maputo
Bērnu klīniskā UniversItātes Slimnīca
Amersham Hospital
Ain Shams University Children's Hospital
Clinica Santa Isabel
National Institute of Diseases of the Chest and Hospital
Hospital Santo Tomás
Marie Curie Emergency Children’s Hospital
Iranian Anti-Tobacco Association
Al-Sham Private University
Instituto and Hospital CUF
St. Elisabeth Oncology Institute
Private Practice
IRBA (Institut de Recherche Bio-Médicale des Armées)
International Primary Care Respiratory Group
County Emergency Clinical Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”
ARIA (Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma)
University Clinic of Pulmology and Allergy
Allergy Clin. Immunol. Clin.
Center for Rhinology and Allergology
Prima Nova
National University
Clinic of Asthma
Latín American Society of Allergy
ENT and Allergology
University Hospital
Bulgarian Alliance for Clinical and Translational Allergy
Spanish Society of Clinical
Corresponding Author(s)
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Introduction: Medication availability and costs can be highly variable across countries and in different time periods. We aimed to conduct a survey among local experts to obtain information on the availability and costs of allergic rhinitis medications in different countries. Methods: We sent a survey to members of the Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) group, asking for the availability and the lowest cost of specific allergic rhinitis medications in their respective countries. Data in local currencies were converted to 2024 US Dollars adjusted for Purchasing Power Parity (PPP). We compared the costs of different medication classes, assuming, for each class, the least expensive drug in each country, as well as full treatment adherence. Results: We received responses from ARIA experts in 51 different countries. Intranasal corticosteroids (INCS) and oral antihistamines (OAH) were available in all countries, but this was not observed for intranasal antihistamines (INAH) or for INAH+INCS. In most countries, OAH was the least costly drug class, while INAH+INCS was the most expensive. Among INCS, beclomethasone was the medication most frequently identified as the cheapest, while cetirizine and loratadine were the OAH most frequently reported as the least expensive. Among INAH+INCS, azelastine-fluticasone was more frequently identified as less costly than olopatadine-mometasone. Conclusion: There is an important across-country and across-class variability in terms of costs of allergic rhinitis medications. The results of this study will inform the ARIA-EAACI 2024–2025 guidelines.