Health Impacts from PM2.5 Exposure Using Environmental Epidemiology and Health Risk Assessment: A Review
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Issued Date
2023-01-01
Resource Type
ISSN
22870741
eISSN
2287075X
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85166199011
Journal Title
Applied Environmental Research
Volume
45
Issue
3
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Applied Environmental Research Vol.45 No.3 (2023)
Suggested Citation
Sukuman T., Ueda K., Sujaritpong S., Praekunatham H., Punnasiri K., Wimuktayon T., Prapaspongsa T. Health Impacts from PM2.5 Exposure Using Environmental Epidemiology and Health Risk Assessment: A Review. Applied Environmental Research Vol.45 No.3 (2023). doi:10.35762/AER.2023010 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/88223
Title
Health Impacts from PM2.5 Exposure Using Environmental Epidemiology and Health Risk Assessment: A Review
Author's Affiliation
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Exposure to PM2.5 has been known to cause a variety of serious health consequences. Quantifying and investigating the health effects of PM2.5 pollution are imperative to understand and collect scientific evidence for supporting policies and associated actions. In this paper, we reviewed published environmental epidemiological studies and health risk assessments evaluating the health impacts of PM2.5 exposure in the PubMed database to identify the attributes of each method and aggregate the health impact results to perform analyses and summaries. Forty-two studies were identified after applying our search strategy, inclusion, and exclusion criteria. The epidemiological studies found an increased risk of several diseases from short-and long-term exposure, such as cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, lung cancer, stroke, pneumonia, depression, and diabetes. However, several conditions remain to be explored as the associations remain unclear, such as asthma, bronchitis, breast cancer, Parkinson’s disease for long-term exposure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, stillbirth, and hypertension for short-term exposure. Health risk assessment (HRA) studies at a global scale found more than 4 million deaths from diseases associated with PM2.5 exposure. These studies also emphasized the importance and benefits of health guidelines that demonstrated to help avoid the number of fatalities significantly, especially guidelines from the World Health Organization (WHO) that showed the highest benefit. HRA studies in Thailand also showed that the country's air quality needs to be improved to avoid deaths and hospital admission cases. We also found that cohort studies for the Thai population are required to improve the quality of data and limit overestimation from using global estimates. Finally, the benefits and limitations of each study approach were collated to assist future studies in determining the most suited instruments for their purposes.