Leishmania Infection among HIV-Infected Patients in a Southern Province of Thailand: A Cross-Sectional Study
Issued Date
2024-09-01
Resource Type
ISSN
00029637
eISSN
14761645
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85203243363
Pubmed ID
39013381
Journal Title
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Volume
111
Issue
3
Start Page
462
End Page
471
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Vol.111 No.3 (2024) , 462-471
Suggested Citation
Jundang C., Ruang-Areerate T., Mungthin M., Leelayoova S., Tinsan W., Kanoknatjamorn H., Duangkao B., Bubpamas W., Siripattanapipong S., Naaglor T., Hongsimakul N., Sroythong S., Rattanalertpaiboon P., Piyaraj P. Leishmania Infection among HIV-Infected Patients in a Southern Province of Thailand: A Cross-Sectional Study. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Vol.111 No.3 (2024) , 462-471. 471. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.24-0155 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/101201
Title
Leishmania Infection among HIV-Infected Patients in a Southern Province of Thailand: A Cross-Sectional Study
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Corresponding Author(s)
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Abstract
Leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease, imposes a notable health burden, especially on immunocompromised individuals such as HIV patients. Recognizing its prevalence and risk factors in specific populations is vital for effective prevention. This study in Satun Province, southern Thailand, aimed to ascertain leishmaniasis prevalence and identify associated risks among HIV-infected patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 650 HIV-infected individuals at a tertiary care hospital. Data on demographic characteristics, clinical parameters, and potential risk factors were collected. Individual plasma, buffy coat, and saliva samples were collected. Leishmania infection was determined using the direct agglutination test and nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) of nPCR-buffy coat and nPCR-saliva. The association between risk factors and Leishmania infection was assessed with logistic regression analysis. The prevalence of Leishmania infection was 8.61% (56/650). Species was identified among 20 HIV-infected patients as follows: Leishmania orientalis (n = 14), Leishmania martiniquensis (n = 4), and Leishmania donovani complex (n = 2). The factors associated with Leishmania infection included age (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.03), intravenous drug use (adjusted OR = 2.39), CD4 cell count ,500 cells/mm3 (adjusted OR = 2.40), and a viral load $50 copies/mL (adjusted OR = 5.16). The prevalence of Leishmania infection among HIV-infected patients in Satun Province was considerable. These findings underscore the need for integrated care and targeted interventions to address this infection and improve public health outcomes. Further research and collaborative efforts are warranted to develop effective prevention and control strategies for Leishmania infection in the HIV-infected Thai population.