Discovery of the Ligament of Modiolus: Anatomical Insights and Clinical Relevance

Abstract

The modiolus is a critical anatomical structure in facial expressions and oral competence, serving as a hub where multiple muscles converge. Our recent cadaveric study has identified a previously unreported structure, the ligament of modiolus, aligning with the line of ligament between the modiolus and its adjacent muscular and fascial attachments. This novel finding offers new perspectives on the anatomical organisation of the perioral region and its functional significance. Importantly, it has been identified as a false ligament rather than a true ligament, originating from the modiolus and extending to the dermal layer. The discovery has potential implications for aesthetic and reconstructive procedures involving the midface and oral commissures. Here, we present our findings and discuss their relevance to facial anatomy, surgical approaches, and clinical outcomes. Level of Evidence V This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.