Forced-Air Warming Temperature Settings for Treating Postoperative Hypothermia in the Postanesthesia Care Unit: Randomized Controlled Trial
Issued Date
2026-01-01
Resource Type
eISSN
25619128
DOI
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-105029732901
Journal Title
Jmir Perioperative Medicine
Volume
9
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Jmir Perioperative Medicine Vol.9 (2026)
Suggested Citation
Pasutharnchat K., Seangrung R., Sirisophaphong S., Wongkum W. Forced-Air Warming Temperature Settings for Treating Postoperative Hypothermia in the Postanesthesia Care Unit: Randomized Controlled Trial. Jmir Perioperative Medicine Vol.9 (2026). doi:10.2196/85045 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/115133
Title
Forced-Air Warming Temperature Settings for Treating Postoperative Hypothermia in the Postanesthesia Care Unit: Randomized Controlled Trial
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Corresponding Author(s)
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Abstract
Background: Hypothermia, defined as a core body temperature below 36 °C, is a common postoperative complication associated with adverse outcomes, including delayed wound healing, infections, and increased bleeding. Objective: This randomized controlled trial evaluated the efficacy of different forced-air warming system temperature settings in treating postoperative hypothermia in the postanesthesia care unit. Methods: A total of 132 patients undergoing elective surgery at Ramathibodi Hospital between April 2023 and May 2024 were randomized into 3 groups (n=44 per group): group C (warming set to 38 °C), group F1 (warming set to 42 °C), and group F2 (warming set to 42 °C, reduced to 38 °C after achieving 36 °C). Tympanic temperature was recorded at 5-minute intervals during rewarming and every 10 minutes after normothermia (≥36 °C) was achieved. The primary outcome was rewarming time. Secondary outcomes included the incidence of temperature drops, hemodynamic parameters, adverse events, and patient comfort scores. Results: Baseline characteristics and clinical variables, including vital signs, were comparable among groups (P>.05). Group F2 achieved the shortest mean rewarming time of 33.3 (SD 13.81) min; however, differences between groups were not statistically significant (P=.460). Group F2 had the lowest incidence of temperature drops below 36 °C after normothermia (1/44, 2.27%; P=.009). Group C had the highest incidence of rewarming exceeding 1 hour (10/44, 22.73%; P=.017). Conclusions: While rewarming times were similar across groups, the protocol using an initial setting of 42 °C followed by a reduction to 38 °C (group F2) effectively minimized temperature drops after normothermia, suggesting its superiority for managing postoperative hypothermia in the postanesthesia care unit.