Factors influencing early initiation of breastfeeding practices in Myanmar

Abstract

Early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) practice can save newborn deaths and prevent maternal deaths. This study aimed to examine prevalence rate of EIBF practice and identify factors influencing EIBF in Myanmar by using Myanmar Demographic Health Survey, 2015-2016. Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed for association on EIBF in Myanmar. Of 3,715 mother-infants pairs, total of about 78 % of mothers initiated early breastfeeding within one hour. EIBF was significantly associated with maternal occupation, place of residence, mode of delivery, place of delivery and antenatal visit times, pre-lacteal feeding practice, and surprisingly betel quid habits. Mothers who had more than 5 children were almost 1.5 times more likely to have EIBF (OR=1.48; 95%CI = 1.08-2.01) than those who had 1-2 children. Mothers who had more than 4 antenatal care (ANC) were about 1.5 times more likely to have EIBF (OR=1.45; 95% CI = 1.11- 1.19) than those who did not had. There were some factors indicated less likely to have EIBF such as; others who lived in rural area (OR=0.74; 95% CI = 0.58-0.95), those who were manual workers (OR=0.80; 95% CI = 0.64-0.99), mothers who had pre-lacteal feeding practice (OR=0.16; 95% CI = 0.13-0.19), respondents who had betel habits (OR=0.81; 95% CI = 0.66-0.99), and mothers who had cesarean section (OR=0.50; 95% CI = 0.38-0.66). Pre-lacteal feeding practices, ANC visit, and delivery of Cesarean section were significant associated determinants with EIBF in this study. To achieve the global target of WHO, Infant and Young Child feeding practice program should be reimplemented for community awareness. All hospitals should be upgraded with Baby friendly Hospital Initiative with quality and quantities care services mostly in skin-to-skin contact and rooming in practice in hospital setting. Upgraded services of Maternal and Child Health center is recommended for hard to reach areas for improving of EIBF rate in Myanmar. IMPLICATION OF THE THESIS This study reflects the importance of EIBF and need for better health services to achieve health and wellbeing of mothers and children in Myanmar.