Prevalence and associated factors of postpartum depression among the mothers of Kungyangone township, Yangon, Myanmar

Abstract

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common affective mental disorder and is considered as an important public health problem as it can have serious consequences for both the mother and infant. Due to limited number of studies in Myanmar, this study aimed to identify the prevalence and associated factors of PPD. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 220 mothers who were under six months postpartum in April to May 2020 in Kungyangone Township, Yangon, Myanmar by using simple random sampling based on township birth and death registers. Data was collected with web based survey questionnaire. Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) (Myanmar translated version) used to screen for depressive symptoms. Data was analyzed using SPSS 21 version. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test, multiple logistic regression and adjusted odd ratio were calculated to identify associated factors with PPD and strength of association. Overall prevalence of depressive symptoms in postnatal women (defined as EPDS≥13) was 31.8%. As the results of multiple logistic regression, unplanned pregnancy (AOR:2.946), frequency of ANC visits received (less than 4 times) (AOR:2.518), travel time more than one hour to reach health centers (AOR:3.068) and birth interval more than 5 years (AOR:4.594) were more likely to be associated with PPD, while preterm delivery (AOR:0.091) was inversely associated with PPD. In conclusion, the relatively high prevalence of depression suggests that maternal mental health services should be integrated with existing MCH (Maternal and Child Health) services for early detection and prevention. Social media platform should be considered as health information channel to educate and assist PPD mothers. The reasonable public health policy should establish to promote PPD awareness and preventive interventions and to reduce the barrier of health services accessibility in primary health care setting. IMPLICATION OF THESIS: Suggestion for Further Study 1. This study suggests for further more qualitative study needed to elaborate women’s lived experiences during postpartum period. Internationally collaborative studies are strongly recommended. 2. Longitudinal studies by utilizing representative and large samples in both facilities based and community settings are encouraged.