The Effect of Organizational and Individual-Related Variables on Organizational Commitment of Teachers: A Meta-analysis

Abstract

Teacher shortage is a continued struggle for many schools and a crucial reason for schools to retain and reduce the turnover rate of these teachers. The objectives of this research were to study and synthesize empirical research based on organizational-related variables and individual-related variables regarding the concept of organizational commitment from any level due to research characteristics and to examine effect sizes between organizational-related variables and individual-related variables and organizational commitment of teachers. A meta-analysis was conducted using six online databases—ThaiLIS (Thai Digital Collection), NRCT (Digital Research Information on Center), CUIR (Chulalongkorn University Intellectual Repository), TU Digital Collections (Thammasat University Digital Collections), Dspace Thesis searching (Silpakorn University Thesis Searching), and PSU Knowledge Bank (Prince of Songkla University Knowledge Bank)—for studies in Thailand from the earliest studies available until 2018. PRISMA guidelines were followed, wherein 2,428 studies were identified. The data were analyzed using the Pearson formula and Fisher’s Z to calculate the effect sizes and combined effect sizes across studies. As inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, 14 theses and dissertations were found eligible in this meta-analysis. The results revealed that both organizational-related variables and individual-related variables contributed to the development of organizational commitment. Specifically, leadership was found to be an outstanding organizational-related variable, whereas positive psychology capital and perceived organizational support were the distinctive individual-related variables that significantly influenced the organizational commitment of teachers.