Economic burden on people living with HIV who attend self-help groups in Yangon, Myanmar

Abstract

This study aims to determine economic burden or cost of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and its consequences from patient perspective and to examine factors influencing the cost. This is a prevalence-based cost-of-illness (COI) study. A cross-sectional survey was carried out in Yangon, Myanmar during March and April 2018. Face-to-face structured interview was conducted among 264 people living with HIV (PLHIV) who were members of the selected four self-help groups (SHGs) that provided HIV peer support. Micro-costing approach was adopted for the cost calculation. Direct medical cost, direct non-medical cost and indirect cost were considered. Cost of HIV per patient in the year 2017 was estimated at 228.2 international dollar (Int$). Direct medical cost was only small portion of the total cost (5.6%). Indirect cost or cost of time loss was the largest contributor among the cost components, accounted for 61.2% of the total cost. First year of the antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation and second line drug regimen have positive effect on the costs. HIV resulted in substantial economic burden for the patients. Effective interventions aim at reducing the economic burden on patients by providing compensation on transportation cost and providing job opportunity are essential. Further researchers examining cost from provider and societal perspectives are warranted to provide complete picture of the economic burden of HIV in Myanmar.