Antennal morphology and sensilla ultrastructure of the malaria vectors, Anopheles maculatus and An. sawadwongporni (Diptera: Culicidae)
Issued Date
2023-09-01
Resource Type
ISSN
14678039
eISSN
18735495
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85169055275
Journal Title
Arthropod Structure and Development
Volume
76
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Arthropod Structure and Development Vol.76 (2023)
Suggested Citation
Pusawang K., Sriwichai P., Aupalee K., Yasanga T., Phuackchantuck R., Zhong D., Yan G., Somboon P., Junkum A., Wongpalee S.P., Cui L., Sattabongkot J., Saeung A. Antennal morphology and sensilla ultrastructure of the malaria vectors, Anopheles maculatus and An. sawadwongporni (Diptera: Culicidae). Arthropod Structure and Development Vol.76 (2023). doi:10.1016/j.asd.2023.101296 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/89363
Title
Antennal morphology and sensilla ultrastructure of the malaria vectors, Anopheles maculatus and An. sawadwongporni (Diptera: Culicidae)
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Mosquitoes rely mainly on the olfactory system to track hosts. Sensilla contain olfactory neuron receptors that perceive different kinds of odorants and transfer crucial information regarding the surrounding environment. Anopheles maculatus and An. sawadwongporni, members of the Maculatus Group, are regarded as vectors of malaria in Thailand. The fine structure of their sensilla has yet to be identified. Herein, scanning electron microscopy is used to examine the sensilla located on the antennae of adults An. maculatus and An. sawadwongporni, collected from the Thai-Myanmar border. Four major types of antennal sensilla are discovered in both species: chaetica, coeloconica, basiconica (grooved pegs) and trichodea. The antennae of female An. maculatus have longer lengths (μm, mean ± SE) in the long sharp-tipped trichodea (40.62 ± 0.35 > 38.20 ± 0.36), blunt-tipped trichodea (20.39 ± 0.62 > 18.62 ± 0.35), and basiconica (7.84 ± 0.15 > 7.41 ± 0.12) than those of An. sawadwongporni. Using light microscopy, it is found that the mean numbers of large sensilla coeloconica (lco) on both flagella in An. maculatus (left: 32.97 ± 0.48; right: 33.27 ± 0.65) are also greater when compared to An. sawadwongporni (left: 30.40 ± 0.62; right: 29.97 ± 0.49). The mean counts of lco located on flagellomeres 1–3, 6, and 9 in An. maculatus are significantly higher than those of An. sawadwongporni. The data in this study indicate that two closely related Anopheles species exhibit similar morphology of sensilla types, but show variations in length, and likewise in the number of large sensilla coeloconica between them, suggesting they might be causative factors that affect their behaviors driven by the sense of smell.