Structure–property relationships in saccharide-derived carbon dots: Tuning oxygen functionalities and sp2 domains for antioxidant performance
5
Issued Date
2026-05-15
Resource Type
ISSN
00219797
eISSN
10957103
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-105029310157
Journal Title
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
Volume
710
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science Vol.710 (2026)
Suggested Citation
Wibowo A., Khan M.J., Sawatdee S., Pornputthapitak W., Tuntithavornwat S., Srifa A., Posoknistakul P., Pornsuwan S., Laosiripojana N., Jiang Y., Sansanaphongpricha K., Sakdaronnarong C. Structure–property relationships in saccharide-derived carbon dots: Tuning oxygen functionalities and sp2 domains for antioxidant performance. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science Vol.710 (2026). doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2026.139939 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/114951
Title
Structure–property relationships in saccharide-derived carbon dots: Tuning oxygen functionalities and sp2 domains for antioxidant performance
Corresponding Author(s)
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) drive oxidative stress and disease progression, yet the structural determinants of antioxidant activity in carbon dots (CDs) remain unclear. In this study, the influence of oxygenated surface functional groups and carbon hybridization states on the performance of saccharide-derived CDs was elucidated. CDs were synthesized from five saccharide precursors via hydrothermal carbonization, and synthesis parameters were systematically optimized using response surface methodology combined with central composite design (200–240 °C, 6–12 h). Among the tested precursors, xylose yielded CDs (X-CDs) with the smallest size (2.17–4.38 nm), the strongest blue emission (427–450 nm), the highest negative surface charge (−38.5 to −84.6 mV), and the highest quantum yield (0.80–2.81%). Spectroscopic analyses revealed enriched oxygen functionalities (O/C ratio up to 0.32) and graphitic sp<sup>2</sup> domains with reduced sp<sup>3</sup> content, correlating with enhanced electronic delocalization. Optimized X-CDs exhibited potent radical scavenging activity (EC₅₀ = 0.047 mg/mL for DPPH; 0.008 mg/mL for ABTS) while showing low cytotoxicity toward normal and cancer cells. These findings establish a mechanistic framework linking oxygenated groups and sp<sup>2</sup> hybridization to enhanced antioxidant properties and provide a green, tunable strategy for designing high-performance CDs from renewable precursors for biomedical, nutraceutical, and environmental applications.