Cultural Nuances in Romantic Stress: Psychometric Properties of the Thai Romantic Relationship Stress Scale (Thai-RRSS)

Abstract

Romantic relationship stress significantly impacts individual and dyadic well-being. This study aimed to validate the Romantic Relationship Stress Scale (RRSS) for use in Thailand (Thai-RRSS). A sample of 367 Thai adults (94% female; Mean age = 40.90) completed the measure. We examined its factor structure using Exploratory (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). EFA revealed a three-factor structure: Stressful Events, Relational Negativity, and Relational Positivity. The overall scale demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.94), with subscale alphas of 0.93, 0.85, and 0.66, respectively. CFA confirmed an adequate fit for both the original and the Thai EFA-derived models, with the latter showing slightly superior fit indices (χ²(374) = 1035.71, CFI = 0.933 vs. original: χ²(374) = 1210.29, CFI = 0.928). External validity was supported by strong negative correlations with Couple Satisfaction Index-4 (r = − 0.70 to − 0.48, p <.001). The findings suggest that the Thai-RRSS is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring relationship stress in Thailand. However, lower factor loadings on certain items suggest cultural nuances— such as the prioritization of relational harmony, conflict avoidance, and family involvement—influence the interpretation of stress, offering important considerations for future cultural adaptations.