Effect of remdesivir post-exposure prophylaxis and treatment on pathogenesis of measles in rhesus macaques
Issued Date
2023-12-01
Resource Type
eISSN
20452322
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85153438837
Pubmed ID
37081035
Journal Title
Scientific Reports
Volume
13
Issue
1
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Scientific Reports Vol.13 No.1 (2023)
Suggested Citation
Peart Akindele N.A., Katamoni L.D., Brockhurst J., Ghimire S., Suwanmanee S., Pieterse L., Metcalf Pate K.A., Bunyan E., Bannister R., Cihlar T., Porter D.P., Griffin D.E. Effect of remdesivir post-exposure prophylaxis and treatment on pathogenesis of measles in rhesus macaques. Scientific Reports Vol.13 No.1 (2023). doi:10.1038/s41598-023-33572-7 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/82100
Title
Effect of remdesivir post-exposure prophylaxis and treatment on pathogenesis of measles in rhesus macaques
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Measles is a systemic disease initiated in the respiratory tract with widespread measles virus (MeV) infection of lymphoid tissue. Mortality can be substantial, but no licensed antiviral therapy is available. We evaluated both post-exposure prophylaxis and treatment with remdesivir, a broad-spectrum antiviral, using a well-characterized rhesus macaque model of measles. Animals were treated with intravenous remdesivir for 12 days beginning either 3 days after intratracheal infection (post-exposure prophylaxis, PEP) or 11 days after infection at the onset of disease (late treatment, LT). As PEP, remdesivir lowered levels of viral RNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, but RNA rebounded at the end of the treatment period and infectious virus was continuously recoverable. MeV RNA was cleared more rapidly from lymphoid tissue, was variably detected in the respiratory tract, and not detected in urine. PEP did not improve clinical disease nor lymphopenia and reduced the antibody response to infection. In contrast, LT had little effect on levels of viral RNA or the antibody response but also did not decrease clinical disease. Therefore, remdesivir transiently suppressed expression of viral RNA and limited dissemination when provided as PEP, but virus was not cleared and resumed replication without improvement in the clinical disease parameters evaluated.