Latex-injected, non-decapitated, saturated salt method-embalmed cadaver technique development and application as a head and neck surgery training model
Issued Date
2022-01-01
Resource Type
eISSN
19326203
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85123320985
Pubmed ID
35051207
Journal Title
PLoS ONE
Volume
17
Issue
1 January
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
PLoS ONE Vol.17 No.1 January (2022)
Suggested Citation
Durongphan A., Suksantilap S., Panrong N., Aungsusiripong A., Wiriya A., Pisittrakoonporn S., Pichaisak W., Pamornpol B. Latex-injected, non-decapitated, saturated salt method-embalmed cadaver technique development and application as a head and neck surgery training model. PLoS ONE Vol.17 No.1 January (2022). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0262415 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/86655
Title
Latex-injected, non-decapitated, saturated salt method-embalmed cadaver technique development and application as a head and neck surgery training model
Author's Affiliation
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Published cerebrovascular injection techniques have mostly used decapitated, fresh cadavers or heads embalmed with 10% formaldehyde. There have been no reports using vascular- injected cadavers for head and neck surgical training models or using vascular injections in saturated salt method-embalmed cadavers. Thus, we performed vascular labeling of five saturated salt method-embalmed cadavers without decapitation. Latex mixed with red ink was injected into the common carotid artery via a 3D-printed vascular adapter. The injection force was provided by a peristaltic pump. Thyroidectomy, submandibular gland excision, neck dissection, parotidectomy, and mandibulotomy were performed on both sides of each cadaver (n = 10). The consistency of the cadavers was softer than fresh ones. Subcutaneous tissues were well preserved, and muscles were moist and elastic. Five physicians graded the resemblance of the heads and necks of the latex-injected, saturated salt method-embalmed, non-decapitated of five cadavers compared to living humans using a Likert scale from 0 (no resemblance) to 5 (maximum resemblance). Fifty-two percent of the head and neck region resemblance scale ratings were four or five. Although the cadavers were practical for head and neck surgical simulations, the brain parenchyma was only partially preserved and unsuitable for use. The most distal arterial branches reached by the injected latex were measured. The external caliber of the smallest vessels reached were lacrimal arteries (mean caliber ± SD, 0.04 ± 0.04 mm; 95% CI [0, 0.09]). There were no significant differences in the mean caliber of the smallest vessels reached between the leftand right-sided arterial branches (all p < 0.05).