Longitudinal study of disease severity and external factors in cognitive failure after COVID-19 among Indonesian population
Issued Date
2023-12-01
Resource Type
eISSN
20452322
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85175967866
Journal Title
Scientific Reports
Volume
13
Issue
1
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Scientific Reports Vol.13 No.1 (2023)
Suggested Citation
Herman B., Wong M.C.S., Chantharit P., Hannanu F.F., Viwattankulvanid P. Longitudinal study of disease severity and external factors in cognitive failure after COVID-19 among Indonesian population. Scientific Reports Vol.13 No.1 (2023). doi:10.1038/s41598-023-46334-2 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/91052
Title
Longitudinal study of disease severity and external factors in cognitive failure after COVID-19 among Indonesian population
Author's Affiliation
Ramathibodi Hospital
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Chinese University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine
Hasanuddin University
Massachusetts General Hospital
Chulalongkorn University
Fudan University
Peking University Health Science Center
Chinese University of Hong Kong
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Chinese University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine
Hasanuddin University
Massachusetts General Hospital
Chulalongkorn University
Fudan University
Peking University Health Science Center
Chinese University of Hong Kong
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
The COVID-19 infection is assumed to induce cognitive failure. Identifying the relationship between COVID-19, the effect of vaccination and medication, and accommodating non-COVID-19 factors to cognitive failure is essential. This study was conducted in Indonesia from September 2021 to January 2023. Demographic information, clinical data, comorbidities, vaccination, and medication during COVID-19 were obtained, as well as a 6-month cognitive assessment with Cognitive Failures Questionnaire/CFQ, Fatigue Severity Score, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7). A Structural Equation Model explains the relationship between potential predictors and cognitive failure. The average score of CFQ after 6 months was 45.6 ± 23.1 out of 100. The severity of the disease, which was associated with vaccination status, age, previous infection, and unit of treatment (p < 0.05), was not related to cognitive failure (p = 0.519), although there is a significant direct impact of worst vaccination status to cognitive failure(p < 0.001). However, age, fatigue, and current anxiety were associated with higher cognitive failure (p < 0.001), although comorbidities and recent headaches were not significant in other models (p > 0.05). This study concludes that cognitive failure after COVID-19 is a multifactorial event and does not solely depend on COVID-19 severity. It is crucial to re-address the factors related to the long-term efficacy of vaccination and medication and focus on non-health factors affecting cognitive failure. Trial Registration: NCT05060562.