Efficacy and safety of omega-3-enriched lickable treats as adjunctive therapy for feline chronic gingivostomatitis: A randomized controlled trial
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Issued Date
2025-08-01
Resource Type
ISSN
09728988
eISSN
22310916
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-105016195291
Journal Title
Veterinary World
Volume
18
Issue
8
Start Page
2344
End Page
2356
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Veterinary World Vol.18 No.8 (2025) , 2344-2356
Suggested Citation
Sukho P., Ploypetch S., Satthathum C., Prompiram P., Chakritbudsabong W. Efficacy and safety of omega-3-enriched lickable treats as adjunctive therapy for feline chronic gingivostomatitis: A randomized controlled trial. Veterinary World Vol.18 No.8 (2025) , 2344-2356. 2356. doi:10.14202/vetworld.2025.2344-2356 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/112187
Title
Efficacy and safety of omega-3-enriched lickable treats as adjunctive therapy for feline chronic gingivostomatitis: A randomized controlled trial
Author's Affiliation
Corresponding Author(s)
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) is a debilitating inflammatory condition of the oral cavity in cats, associated with chronic pain, salivation, halitosis, and reduced quality of life. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) have known anti-inflammatory properties and may offer a supportive treatment option. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of two marine-derived n-3 PUFA sources – krill oil and green-lipped mussel (GLM) oil – administered through lickable cat treats in cats with FCGS. Materials and Methods: Sixteen FCGS cats were randomized into three double-blinded treatment groups to receive daily lickable treats: Control (no n-3 PUFA), krill oil (100 mg), or GLM oil (100 mg) for 28 days. Clinical outcomes (stomatitis and pain scores, halitosis, and salivation) were assessed on days 0, 14, and 28 by veterinarians. Owner-reported outcomes and inflammatory cytokine levels (interleukin 6, interleukin 1 beta, and interferon-gamma) were also evaluated. Results: Both krill and GLM oil treatments were well-tolerated, with no adverse changes in body weight, hematological, or biochemical parameters. Mean stomatitis and pain scores showed a non-significant downward trend in all groups. Halitosis and salivation improved in seven cats, particularly in the GLM and control groups. Owner-reported improvement was observed in 10 of 16 cats, with the highest in the krill oil group (75%). Cytokine levels demonstrated high variability and no statistically significant changes. No significant differences were observed between the n-3 PUFA sources. Conclusion: Daily administration of n-3 PUFA-enriched cat treats is safe and may provide mild clinical benefit in cats with FCGS, particularly in alleviating oral discomfort. While no significant differences were found between krill and GLM oils, both formulations were palatable and suitable as adjunctive therapy. Further research with larger cohorts, extended durations, and sensitive scoring systems is warranted to optimize treatment protocols.