Long-term effectiveness of at least one dose of human papillomavirus vaccine in adolescents: A test-negative case–control study
3
Issued Date
2026-04-01
Resource Type
ISSN
12019712
eISSN
18783511
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-105032241685
Pubmed ID
41707952
Journal Title
International Journal of Infectious Diseases
Volume
165
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
International Journal of Infectious Diseases Vol.165 (2026)
Suggested Citation
Kamolratanakul S., Niyom S.L., Isarankura N., Ruengprasertkit C., Horthongkham N., Sripradit K., Dhitavat J., Muangnoicharoen S., Sunthornchart S., Pitisuttithum P. Long-term effectiveness of at least one dose of human papillomavirus vaccine in adolescents: A test-negative case–control study. International Journal of Infectious Diseases Vol.165 (2026). doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108489 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/115699
Title
Long-term effectiveness of at least one dose of human papillomavirus vaccine in adolescents: A test-negative case–control study
Corresponding Author(s)
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Objectives Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination has been recommended by the World Health Organization as part of the cervical cancer elimination strategy. Many countries have introduced single-dose or two-dose vaccination schedules. However, data on the effectiveness of at least one dose of the HPV vaccine among school-aged girls remain limited. Methods The study was a test-negative case–control conducted to estimate the effectiveness of HPV vaccines (VE) against high-risk types of HPV among adolescents in a real-world setting. Demographics and risk factors data were collected. Cases were adolescent who tested positive for high-risk HPV DNA. Time-matched controls were those who tested negative. Results Overall, 760 participants with a mean (SD) age of 18.2 (2.9) years underwent for HPV DNA testing. Among 114 vaccinated participants, 34 had received one dose and 80 had received two doses; the mean (SD) time since vaccination was 65.89 (23.67) months. A total of 100 participants tested positive for high-risk HPV types. The four most common high-risk types were HPV 16, 59, 52, and 58. The overall adjusted VE against high-risk HPV types among young women with a duration of >5 years was 91.0% (95% confidence interval: 33.4-98.8). The VEs against HPV high-risk infection among the age groups 9-18, 9-15, and 9-12 years who had received at least one dose were similar for >5 years. Conclusion At least one dose of the HPV vaccine was shown to be highly effective in preventing high-risk HPV types for >5 years across vaccination age up to 18 years.