Source Identification of VOCs and their Environmental Health Risk in a Petrochemical Industrial Area
Issued Date
2022-02-01
Resource Type
ISSN
16808584
eISSN
20711409
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85125890988
Journal Title
Aerosol and Air Quality Research
Volume
22
Issue
2
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Aerosol and Air Quality Research Vol.22 No.2 (2022)
Suggested Citation
Pinthong N., Thepanondh S., Kondo A. Source Identification of VOCs and their Environmental Health Risk in a Petrochemical Industrial Area. Aerosol and Air Quality Research Vol.22 No.2 (2022). doi:10.4209/aaqr.210064 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/87696
Title
Source Identification of VOCs and their Environmental Health Risk in a Petrochemical Industrial Area
Author(s)
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Ambient VOCs in the vicinity of a petrochemical industrial area were analyzed for their health impact and potential emission sources. Comprehensive measurements of VOCs were conducted based on U.S. EPA TO-15. Potential carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic inhalation risks were evaluated by comparing the measured concentrations with the inhalation unit risk (IUR) and reference concentration (RfC). The results indicated that a high carcinogenic risk occurred from 1,2 dibromoethane and benzene, while non-carcinogenic risks were attributed to 1,3 butadiene, 1,1,2 trichloroethane, and 3-chloropropene. The Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) Version 5.0 was further utilized to estimate the contribution of specific sources to the VOC mixing ratio. The results revealed that the average VOC concentration in the community area was dominated by aromatic hydrocarbons, with toluene having the highest concentration. Vehicle exhaust was evaluated as the most contributing emission source of the VOC mixing ratio, followed by industrial processes. Specific VOC ratios were also applied to identify VOC sources. The T/B ratio was within the range 3.54–5.15, confirming that vehicle emissions were the main source of pollutants during the entire investigated period in the community area. As for the industrial area, the average VOC concentration was dominated by alkenes. Industrial processes and the petrochemical industry were the major sources of VOCs. The health risk assessment in the industrial area indicated that acrolein had the highest risk for non-carcinogens. 1,2-dichloroethane and 1,3-butadiene showed high potential as carcinogens.