Comparison of the Single Cell Immune Landscape between Subjects with High Mycobacterium tuberculosis Bacillary Loads during Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Household Members with Latent Tuberculosis Infection
Issued Date
2024-02-19
Resource Type
eISSN
20734409
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85185856009
Pubmed ID
38391975
Journal Title
Cells
Volume
13
Issue
4
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Cells Vol.13 No.4 (2024)
Suggested Citation
Kamolratanakul S., Ariyanon W., Udompornpitak K., Bhunyakarnjanarat T., Leelahavanichkul A., Dhitavat J., Wilairatana P., Chancharoenthana W. Comparison of the Single Cell Immune Landscape between Subjects with High Mycobacterium tuberculosis Bacillary Loads during Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Household Members with Latent Tuberculosis Infection. Cells Vol.13 No.4 (2024). doi:10.3390/cells13040362 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/97442
Title
Comparison of the Single Cell Immune Landscape between Subjects with High Mycobacterium tuberculosis Bacillary Loads during Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Household Members with Latent Tuberculosis Infection
Corresponding Author(s)
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
It is unclear how the immune system controls the transition from latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI) to active pulmonary infection (PTB). Here, we applied mass spectrometry cytometry time-of-flight (CyTOF) analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to compare the immunological landscapes in patients with high tuberculous bacillary load PTB infections and LTBI. A total of 32 subjects (PTB [n = 12], LTBI [n = 17], healthy volunteers [n = 3]) were included. Participants with active PTBs were phlebotomized before administering antituberculosis treatment, whereas participants with LTBI progressed to PTB at the time of household screening. In the present study, CyTOF analysis identified significantly higher percentages of mucosal-associated invariant natural killer T (MAIT NKT) cells in subjects with LTBI than in those with active PTB and healthy controls. Moreover, 6 of 17 (35%) subjects with LTBI progressed to active PTB (LTBI progression) and had higher proportions of MAIT NKT cells and early NKT cells than those without progression (LTBI non-progression). Subjects with LTBI progression also showed a tendency toward low B cell levels relative to other subject groups. In conclusion, MAIT NKT cells were substantially more prevalent in subjects with LTBI, particularly those with progression to active PTB.