Reinforcement of Injectable Hydrogel for Meniscus Tissue Engineering by Using Cellulose Nanofiber from Cassava Pulp
Issued Date
2023-05-01
Resource Type
eISSN
20734360
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85159267999
Journal Title
Polymers
Volume
15
Issue
9
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Polymers Vol.15 No.9 (2023)
Suggested Citation
Jeencham R., Tawonsawatruk T., Numpaisal P.O., Ruksakulpiwat Y. Reinforcement of Injectable Hydrogel for Meniscus Tissue Engineering by Using Cellulose Nanofiber from Cassava Pulp. Polymers Vol.15 No.9 (2023). doi:10.3390/polym15092092 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/82830
Title
Reinforcement of Injectable Hydrogel for Meniscus Tissue Engineering by Using Cellulose Nanofiber from Cassava Pulp
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Injectable hydrogels can be applied to treat damaged meniscus in minimally invasive conditions. Generally, injectable hydrogels can be prepared from various polymers such as polycaprolactone (PCL) and poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm). Poly (ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) block copolymer-diacrylate (PEO-PPO-PEO-DA) is an interesting polymer due to its biodegradability and can be prepared as water-insoluble injectable hydrogel after curing with UV light at low intensity. However, mechanical and cell adhesion properties are not optimal for these hydrogels. For the improved mechanical performance of the injectable hydrogel, cellulose nanofiber (CNF) extracted from cassava pulp was used as a reinforcing filler in this study. In addition, gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), the denatured form of collagen was used to enhance cell adhesion. PEO-PPO-PEO-DA/CNF/GelMA injectable hydrogels were prepared with 2-hydroxy-1-(4-(hydroxy ethoxy) phenyl)-2-methyl-1-propanone as a photoinitiator and then cured with UV light, 365 nm at 6 mW/cm2. Physicochemical characteristics of the hydrogels and hydrogels with CNF were studied in detail including morphology characterization, pore size diameter, porosity, mechanical properties, water uptake, and swelling. In addition, cell viability was also studied. CNF-reinforced injectable hydrogels were successfully prepared after curing with UV light within 10 min with a thickness of 2 mm. CNF significantly improved the mechanical characteristics of injectable hydrogels. The incorporation of GelMA into the injectable hydrogels improved the viability of human cartilage stem/progenitor cells. At optimum formulation, 12%PEO-PPO-PEO-DA/0.5%CNF/3%GelMA injectable hydrogels significantly promoted cell viability (>80%) and also showed good physicochemical properties, which met tissue engineering requirements. In summary, this work shows that these novel injectable hydrogels have the potential for meniscus tissue engineering.