Risk Factors of Dental Caries in the Thai Population: The Retrospective Cohort Study

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to determine the risk factors associated with the occurrence of dental caries increments in Thai dental patients. Materials and Methods: The dental chart records of 500 patients who visited the Department of Advanced General Dentistry, Mahidol University during 2003–2013 were included in this research. Risk factors such as age, gender, medical history, marital status, routine oral checkup, oral appliance usage, initial and final records of decayed (DT)-missing-filled (DMF-T), dental history of tooth extraction due to caries, xerostomia, presence of visible plaque, presence of interproximal restoration, and caries risk level were retrieved from dental records. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to determine the association of caries risk factors and new dental caries increments. Results: The results indicated that the rate of incidence of new dental caries was 2.1 per 100 person-month. In the multivariate hazard model, past caries experience in more than three teeth (adjusted hazard ratio: 2.29, 95%CI: 1.53–3.44) and xerostomia (adjusted hazard ratio: 4.47, 95%CI: 1.82–10.98) were independent risk factors of dental caries increments. Other factors, such as demographic data, physical factors, clinical factors, and other contributing factors, were not associated with the incidence of new dental caries. Conclusion: The presence of past caries experience and xerostomia were predictors of the occurrence of new dental caries.