การศึกษานำร่องด้านทักษะการสร้างความคุ้นเคยกับสภาพแวดล้อมและการเคลื่อนไหวในเด็กสายตาเลือนราง : กรณีศึกษา ที่โรงพยาบาลศิริราช

Abstract

This was a qualitative research whose objectives were (1) to study the Orientation and Mobility (O&M) skills of low vision children (2) to identify factors related to the development of O&M skills and (3) to implement an O&M training program for low vision children. The research had a pilot study on three low vision children aged between 3 to 6 years old at Siriraj Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand. Initially, the researcher interviewed parents about the knowledge and understanding, desire for the development, environmental barrier, and factors effecting the O&M training skills. The individualize O&M training program for low vision children was created based on data collection. Eight categories of activities in the program were (1) hearing (2) tactile,proprioceptive,smell and taste (3) residual vision (4) postural control (5) concept development and (6) precane-technique (7) mobility and (8) use of assistive devices. The researcher assessed the ability to perform different activities of each category before and after the training. The performance results were recorded in percentage. After the training, performances of all cases were found to be higher in all categories. In addition,Factors that effected the result of O&M training program were (1) internal home environment (2) external home environment (3) individual learning process (4) training time (5) continuation of training program and (6) Parents cooperation. Moreover, the activities in the training program contributed to enhanced O&M skills of low vision children in this research.