Feasibility of crude F4 fimbriae extract as a vaccine candidate for preventing Escherichia coli-induced diarrhea in piglets
Issued Date
2023-10-01
Resource Type
ISSN
09728988
eISSN
22310916
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85185604175
Journal Title
Veterinary World
Volume
16
Issue
10
Start Page
2063
End Page
2070
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Veterinary World Vol.16 No.10 (2023) , 2063-2070
Suggested Citation
Nguyet L.T.Y., Ounjai P., Kaeoket K., Ngamwongsatit N. Feasibility of crude F4 fimbriae extract as a vaccine candidate for preventing Escherichia coli-induced diarrhea in piglets. Veterinary World Vol.16 No.10 (2023) , 2063-2070. 2070. doi:10.14202/vetworld.2023.2063-2070 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/97420
Title
Feasibility of crude F4 fimbriae extract as a vaccine candidate for preventing Escherichia coli-induced diarrhea in piglets
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Author's Affiliation
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Abstract
Background and Aim: Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) poses a substantial risk of neonatal diarrhea and postweaning diarrhea among piglets, with F4+ ETEC strains emerging as a particularly challenging issue within the pig farming industry. This study aimed to introduce a straightforward approach for generating a crude extract of F4 fimbriae that shows promise as an antigenic determinant for potential vaccination strategies. Materials and Methods: A crude F4 fimbriae extract was obtained from F4+ ETEC using a combination of heat shock and homogenization techniques. Subsequently, three 4-week-old piglets were immunized with a primary dose of 150 µg and a booster dose 2 weeks later. Blood samples were collected to evaluate the level of serum F4-specific antibodies using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Analysis using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry techniques unveiled crucial insights into the composition of the crude F4 fimbriae extract. Notably, a distinct prominent band (~24 kDa) was identified, corresponding to the size of FaeG, the major subunit of F4 fimbriae. Regarding antibody response, there was a remarkable disparity between the levels of serum immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgA antibodies targeting F4 compared with other E. coli strains (F18+ ETEC, F41+ ETEC, and F4−F18−F41− EC), as well as with the unvaccinated control group (p < 0.01). Specifically, the levels of IgG antibodies against other E. coli strains were also significantly higher than those observed in the unvaccinated control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the crude F4 fimbriae extracts obtained using our simple extraction method induce specific immune responses against F4+ E. coli and stimulate cross-immunity against other E. coli strains. Therefore, our method shows potential for use in future vaccine development against diarrhea in pigs caused by E. coli.