The study on some factors affecting mycelial growth and the some biological effects of the extracts of Ganoderma lucidum

Abstract

Ganoderma lucidum obtained from Japan, and collected from Loei and Suratthani province were studied for the effects of various culture conditions on their mycelial growth. Three different media (PDA,SM,MYA), under different temperatures(21-27,27-30,36-37C) and four pH levels (5,6,7,8) were used. The results showed that in the range of temperature between 27- and 30-degree C the growth of mycelium was highest when compared to the other ranges of temperature tested (p<0.05). The mycelium of Ganoderma lucidum from Japan exhibited the highest growth. The results showed that the culture media and pH did not affect the mycelial growth. The production of Ganoderma lucidum by culturing with para-rubber sawdust in plastic bag (7x11 cm) of Ganoderma lucidum from Phurua was highest with the mushroom from Kaosok as the second, while the lowest was the mushroom from Japan. The Three strains of Ganoderma lucidum were extracted with hot water. The extract was concentrated and intravenously injected to normal Wistar Rats at concentration of 50, 200, 300, 600 and 900 mg/Kg BW. Arterial blood pressure of the rat was determined at 0, 3, 10, 30, 50, 100, 150 and 200 minutes after injection. The results showed that injection of the Gk extract at the concentration of 200,300,600 and 900 mg/Kg BW; the Gp at 50,200 and 600 mg/kg BW; and the Gj at 600 and 900 mg/kg BW, blood pressure were suddenly decreased in all cases within 3 minutes, when compared with the control (p<0.05). The maximum decrease in mean arterial blood pressure was found after 10 minutes in Ganoderma extract treatment. The extract of Gk at a dose of 300 mg/Kg BW could decrease the blood pressure to 51.10% which was when maximum hypotensive effect found among the three strains of mushrooms. After that, the blood pressure was gradually increased and returned to its initial level at about the 100 minutes after injection. The effect of Ganoderma extract (Gk,Gp and Gj) on DOCA-saline induced hypertension Wistar rat was also studies. The animals were administered orally DOCA and saline daily for different periods of time, i.e.7,15 and 30 days. The results showed that the extract of Gk and Gj decreased blood pressure on 15th of testing, and that the blood level of cholesterol was also decreased whereas the blood pressure of rate that fed with the Ganoderma extracts of Gk and Gj for 30 days was not different from control. The extract of Gp groduced hypotensive effect in rats after 30 days of treatment. The results in the present study indicated that the hot water extract of 3 varieties of Ganoderma lucidum were suddenly decreased the blood pressure in normotensive rats by intravenous injection. The extracts of Gk ang Gj also had hypotensive effect in DICA-salt hypertensive rats within two weeks by oral administration. The blood pressure was returned to the initial level within 100 minutes in the first case and 30 days in the second case.