Associations Between Dairy Consumption and Nutrient Intake in Southeast Asian Children: Findings from the South East Asian Nutrition Surveys II (SEANUTS II)

Abstract

Background: Malnutrition among Southeast Asian children remains an issue. Previous studies have linked higher dairy consumption to improved nutrient intake. This study examines the impact of dairy consumption on food, energy, and nutrient intakes among 2- to 12-year-old Southeast Asian children. Methods: We analyzed data from the cross-sectional South East Asian Nutrition Surveys (SEANUTS) II, involving 10,299 children aged 2 to 12 years from Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam. Dietary intake was assessed using 24 h dietary recall. Results: Daily dairy consumption was generally low among children aged 2-12 years in Southeast Asia. The proportion meeting daily dairy recommendations was 24% in Indonesia, 17% in Malaysia, 23% in Thailand, and 8% in Vietnam. In younger children aged 2-3 years, this proportion was higher (20-55%), whereas in older children aged 7-12 years, it was lower (2.7-9.6%). In addition, high dairy intake was associated with lower consumption of extra foods, higher overall nutrient intake, and higher proportions of children meeting estimated energy requirements and recommended intakes for vitamins A, B2, B12, D, and calcium. Conclusions: Dairy consumption was associated with lower consumption of extra foods, and it enhanced nutrient intake among Southeast Asian children, indicating a beneficial impact on their diet.