Diversity and utilization of indigenous up land rice varieties in Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand

Abstract

Results revealed that the 17 farmers are still used 20 varieties of indigenous rice. Biodiversity was estimated by seed morphology and found four seed-nature-quality. Seven seed-nature-quantity factors were identified in rice using the diversity index (H’). Diversity indices (H’) included the seed color of 2.90832, the length of brown rice of 2.8553, the color of brown rice of 2.79396, and the appearance of brown rice of 2.91743. The cluster analysis was significantly different (P<0.05), revealed that 25% dendrogram was classified as indigenous rice in two groups, including the first group of Niaw Dam Dard, Med Fai, Niaw Kluay, Niaw Dam, Chaw Mud, Dawk Pa-yawm, Nhiw Dam Ton keaw, Hawm Mali Rai, Sangyod Rai, Gai Reang, Ya Sai, Niaw Dam Puak Keaw, Niaw Dam Ka Ton Dam, Nang Khean, Leb Nok Rai, Pukaow Tong and Chaw Mai Pai and the second group of Dawk Kham, Niaw Dam Plee and Niaw Nam Pueng The results indicated that indigenous rice varieties in southern Thailand were highly diverse due to community enterprises producing rice for daily consumption, making desserts in festivals, feeding animals, and selling it as local products.