Influence of Different Drying Methods of Centella Asiatica Leaf on Drying Kinetics, Specific Energy Consumption, and Equivalent Carbon Dioxide Emissions

Abstract

Centella asiatica (CA) is a medicinal herb with diverse health benefits. Drying is crucial for preserving its quality and bioactive compounds. However, different drying methods can significantly impact drying kinetics, specific energy consumption (SEC), and equivalent carbon dioxide emissions. The effects of various drying methods on CA leaves, focusing on drying kinetics, specific energy consumption, and equivalent carbon dioxide emissions, are investigated. The different drying methods include hot air drying, freeze drying, and microwave drying are selected. The initial mass of fresh CA leaves is controlled equally of all drying methods. The drying kinetics are determined by observed sample weight throughout the experiment. SEC is obtained via an electrical power monitor for each method based on actual electrical energy used. The equivalent carbon dioxide emissions are assessed by considering the energy consumption. The obtained results reveal that microwave drying method led to the fastest drying and the lowest SEC and equivalent carbon dioxide emissions. These findings enable researchers to develop efficient and sustainable drying practices for CA leaves, ensuring the preservation of its medicinal properties while minimizing environmental impact.