Infection prevention and control risk factors in health workers infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Jordan: A case control study
Issued Date
2022-07-01
Resource Type
eISSN
19326203
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85133653773
Pubmed ID
35802587
Journal Title
PLoS ONE
Volume
17
Issue
7 July
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
PLoS ONE Vol.17 No.7 July (2022)
Suggested Citation
Tarif A.B., Ramadan M., Yin M., Sharkas G., Ali S.S., Gazo M., Zeitawy A., Alsawalha L., Wu K., Alonso-Garbayo A., Zayed B., Al-Ariqi L., Kheirallah K.A., Talaat M., Rashidian A., Simniceanu A., Allegranzi B., Cassini A., Bellizzi S. Infection prevention and control risk factors in health workers infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Jordan: A case control study. PLoS ONE Vol.17 No.7 July (2022). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0271133 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/86502
Title
Infection prevention and control risk factors in health workers infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Jordan: A case control study
Author's Affiliation
Faculty of Medicine Jordan University of Science and Technology
Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University
Ministry of Health, Jordan
National University Hospital
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
National University of Singapore
Nuffield Department of Medicine
WHO Jordan Country Office
WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean
Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University
Ministry of Health, Jordan
National University Hospital
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
National University of Singapore
Nuffield Department of Medicine
WHO Jordan Country Office
WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Background Despite under-reporting, health workers (HWs) accounted for 2 to 30% of the reported COVID-19 cases worldwide. In line with data from other countries, Jordan recorded multiple case surges among HWs. Methods Based on the standardized WHO UNITY case-control study protocol on assessing risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection in HWs, HWs with confirmed COVID-19 were recruited as cases from eight hospitals in Jordan. HWs exposed to COVID-19 patients in the same setting but without infection were recruited as controls. The study lasted approximately two months (from early January to early March 2021). Regression models were used to analyse exposure risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection in HWs; conditional logistic regressions were utilized to estimate odds ratios (ORs) adjusted for the confounding variables. Results A total of 358 (102 cases and 256 controls) participants were included in the analysis. The multivariate analysis showed that being exposed to COVID-19 patients within 1 metre for more than 15 minutes increased three-fold the odds of infection (OR 2.92, 95% CI 1.25- 6.86). Following IPC standard precautions when in contact with patients was a significant protective factor. The multivariate analysis showed that suboptimal adherence to hand hygiene increased the odds of infection by three times (OR 3.18; 95% CI 1.25-8.08). Conclusion Study findings confirmed the role of hand hygiene as one of the most cost-effective measures to combat the spreading of viral infections. Future studies based on the same protocol will enable additional interpretations and confirmation of the Jordan experience.