Effects of Spray Drying, Freeze Drying and Gamma Irradiation on the Antioxidant Activities of Camel and Cow Milk Fractions
1
Issued Date
2023-03-01
Resource Type
eISSN
22279717
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85152276509
Journal Title
Processes
Volume
11
Issue
3
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Processes Vol.11 No.3 (2023)
Suggested Citation
Harizi N., Madureira J., Zouari A., Ayadi M.A., Cabo Verde S., Boudhrioua N. Effects of Spray Drying, Freeze Drying and Gamma Irradiation on the Antioxidant Activities of Camel and Cow Milk Fractions. Processes Vol.11 No.3 (2023). doi:10.3390/pr11030897 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/81706
Title
Effects of Spray Drying, Freeze Drying and Gamma Irradiation on the Antioxidant Activities of Camel and Cow Milk Fractions
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
This work aimed to establish an integrated approach to investigate the total phenolic content and antioxidant activities of dried skim camel and cow milk and their fractions. The milk fractions were obtained by acid or enzymatic coagulation followed by spray drying (inlet temperature/outlet temperature: 125 ± 2 °C/90 ± 2 °C) or freeze drying (−50 °C, 0.05 mbar) coupled or not to gamma irradiation (at 5, 11, 22 kGy). The results showed that the total phenolic content (measured in gallic acid equivalent, GAE) varied depending on the drying technique. The freeze-drying process corresponded to the highest values of total phenolic compounds, with 247.23 ± 2.08 mg GAE/100 g powder for the β-casein fraction of camel milk (βC CaM) and 621.13 ± 4.16 mg GAE/100 g powder for the β-casein fraction of cow milk (βC CoM). Compared to spray-dried fractions, freeze-dried fractions showed generally higher ferric reducing antioxidant power for both camel milk and cow milk. The highest values of free radical scavenging activity were seen in the spray-dried β-casein fractions of camel milk (βC CaM) and cow milk (βC CoM) and in the freeze-dried acid whey of cow and camel milk (AW CaM and AW CaM). Freeze-dried acid whey (AW CaM and AW CoM) appeared to be less sensitive to gamma irradiation at 5 and 11 kGy.