Perceived attitudes toward LGBTQ+ physicians among Thai patients with psychiatric disorder: A multiregional cross-sectional study

Abstract

PURPOSE: This study aims to examine attitudes toward LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, and more) physicians among Thai psychiatric patients and to identify associated factors across three regions of Thailand. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from June to August 2023 in Central, Northern, and Southern Thailand. The Attitudes Toward LGBTQ+ Physician Questionnaire and a patient-doctor relationship questionnaire were utilized. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics and linear regression. RESULTS: The study included 543 participants with a median age of 37 years (IQR 26-52), predominantly female (68.9%) and Buddhist (78.1%). The median score for perceived attitudes toward LGBTQ+ physicians was 86 (IQR 73.0-95.5), with significant regional variations. Most participants perceived LGBTQ+ physicians as normal (85.5%) and integral to society (94.5%). A significant portion disagreed with the idea that being an LGBTQ+ physician was sinful (85.3%) or immoral (84.0%). However, 20.3% expressed discomfort with the possibility of LGBTQ+ physicians conducting private physical examinations. Lower perceived attitudes were associated with older age and being Muslim. Conversely, higher education, female gender, having LGBTQ+ connections, and a reported gender non-conformity showed a correlation with more positive attitudes. CONCLUSION: Thai psychiatric patients generally hold positive attitudes toward LGBTQ+ physicians, though demographic factors influence these attitudes. There needs to be a particular focus on improving attitudes regarding conducting private physical examinations to maximize patient comfort and trust.