Arts- and creative-based interventions for older adults: A scoping review of storytelling, cognitive health, and neurophysiological outcomes

Abstract

Arts- and creative-based interventions–including museum, heritage, and community arts programs–are increasingly used to support cognitive, emotional, and social well-being in older adults. Although these approaches show preventive potential, few studies specifically target mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild depression, and even fewer incorporate neurophysiological measures such as quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG). In Thailand, where social prescribing frameworks are still emerging, understanding how creative engagement contributes to cognitive health is important for developing community programs. This scoping review mapped international literature on arts- and creative-based interventions for older adults, focusing on outcomes related to cognition, mood, psychosocial well-being, and brain function. It examined the use of storytelling or personalized reminiscence and the extent of neurophysiological integration. Attention was given to culturally adaptable models relevant to Thai contexts. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for studies published from 2010 to 2025. Eligible studies reported arts- or creative-based interventions for older adults with cognitive, mood, psychosocial, or neurophysiological outcomes. The review followed PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Eighteen studies met inclusion criteria. Interventions commonly involved visual arts, music, dance, and narrative or reminiscence activities, with reported improvements in well-being, mood, and memory. Museum-based programs were less often preventive, and neurophysiological assessment was rare. No study combined arts-based storytelling with QEEG, revealing a methodological gap. Arts and museum interventions show promise for supporting healthy aging and cognitive resilience. Integrating storytelling, caregiver engagement, and neurophysiological assessment may enhance therapeutic and educational outcomes.