Follow-up bone mineral density testing: 2023 official positions of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry
Issued Date
2024-01-01
Resource Type
ISSN
10946950
eISSN
15590747
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85183622224
Pubmed ID
38007875
Journal Title
Journal of Clinical Densitometry
Volume
27
Issue
1
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Journal of Clinical Densitometry Vol.27 No.1 (2024)
Suggested Citation
Gani L.U., Sritara C., Blank R.D., Chen W.W., Gilmour J., Dhaliwal R., Gill R. Follow-up bone mineral density testing: 2023 official positions of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry. Journal of Clinical Densitometry Vol.27 No.1 (2024). doi:10.1016/j.jocd.2023.101440 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/95888
Title
Follow-up bone mineral density testing: 2023 official positions of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry
Corresponding Author(s)
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the gold standard method for measuring bone mineral density (BMD) which is most strongly associated with fracture risk. BMD is therefore the basis for the World Health Organization's densitometric definition of osteoporosis. The International Society for Clinical Densitometry (ISCD) promotes best densitometry practices and its official positions reflect critical review of current evidence by domain experts. This document reports new official positions regarding follow-up DXA examinations based on a systematic review of literature published through December 2022. Adoption of official positions requires consensus agreement from an expert panel following a modified RAND protocol. Unless explicitly altered by the new position statements, prior ISCD official positions remain in force. This update reflects increased consideration of the clinical context prompting repeat examination. Follow-up DXA should be performed with pre-defined objectives when the results would have an impact on patient management. Testing intervals should be individualized according to the patient's age, sex, fracture risk and treatment history. Incident fractures and therapeutic approach are key considerations. Appropriately ordered and interpreted follow-up DXA examinations support diagnostic and therapeutic decision making, thereby contributing to excellent clinical care. Future research should address the complementary roles of clinical findings, imaging and laboratory testing to guide management.