The role of vitamin D in orthopedic surgery

Abstract

Vitamin D is integral to calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism. Vitamin D deficiency affects people of all ages and results in an increased risk of fractures, nonunions, and deformities in both children and adults. Increasing evidence suggests that vitamin D also plays an essential role in skeletal muscle, and a lack of vitamin D can contribute to muscle weakness and an elevated risk of falls. Several studies have even linked vitamin D status to the progression of osteoarthritis and subsequent total joint replacement outcomes. Given the pervasiveness of vitamin D deficiency and its implication in a wide range of common musculoskeletal diseases, it is imperative that orthopedic surgeons are familiar with the prevention and treatment of this disorder.