Roles of humanin and derivatives on the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases and cognition
1
Issued Date
2022-04-01
Resource Type
ISSN
03044165
eISSN
18728006
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85123768164
Pubmed ID
35104624
Journal Title
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - General Subjects
Volume
1866
Issue
4
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - General Subjects Vol.1866 No.4 (2022)
Suggested Citation
Thiankhaw K., Chattipakorn K., Chattipakorn S.C., Chattipakorn N. Roles of humanin and derivatives on the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases and cognition. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - General Subjects Vol.1866 No.4 (2022). doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2022.130097 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/87119
Title
Roles of humanin and derivatives on the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases and cognition
Author's Affiliation
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are common among neurodegenerative diseases, but investigations into novel therapeutic approaches are currently limited. Humanin (HN) is a mitochondrial-derived peptide found in brain tissues of patients with familial AD and has been increasingly investigated in AD and other neurodegenerative diseases. Scope of review: In this review, we summarize and discuss the effects of HN on the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases and cognition based on several studies from preclinical to clinical models. The association between cardiac ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and brain are also included. Findings from in vitro studies and those involving mice provide the most fundamental information on the impact of HN and its potential association with clinical studies. Major conclusions: HN plays a considerable role in countering the progression and neuropathology of AD. Inhibition and reduction of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation of the original amyloid hypothesis is the mainstay mechanism. Multiple intracellular mechanisms will be elucidated, including those involved in the anti-apoptotic signaling cascades, the insulin signaling pathway, and mitochondrial function, and especially autophagic activity. These beneficial roles are also found following cardiac I/R injury. Cognitive improvement was found to be related to maintenance of synaptic integrity and neurotransmitter modulation. Small humanin-like peptide 2 demonstrates the neuroprotective effects in PD and AMD via prevention of mitochondrial loss. General significance: Comprehensive knowledge of HN effects on cognition and neurodegenerative diseases emphasizes its potential to treat a viable disease, as it ameliorates the pathogenesis of the disease.