Toxin-Antitoxin Systems: A Key Role on Persister Formation in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium
Issued Date
2022-01-01
Resource Type
eISSN
11786973
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85139408471
Journal Title
Infection and Drug Resistance
Volume
15
Start Page
5813
End Page
5829
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Infection and Drug Resistance Vol.15 (2022) , 5813-5829
Suggested Citation
Wiradiputra M.R.D., Khuntayaporn P., Thirapanmethee K., Chomnawang M.T. Toxin-Antitoxin Systems: A Key Role on Persister Formation in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium. Infection and Drug Resistance Vol.15 (2022) , 5813-5829. 5829. doi:10.2147/IDR.S378157 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/86278
Title
Toxin-Antitoxin Systems: A Key Role on Persister Formation in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium
Author's Affiliation
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
The toxin and antitoxin modules in bacteria consist of a toxin molecule that has activity to inhibit various cellular processes and its cognate antitoxin that neutralizes the toxin. This system is considered taking part in the formation of persister cells, which are a subpopulation of recalcitrant cells able to survive antimicrobial treatment without any resistance mechanisms. Importantly, persisters have been associated with long-term infections and treatment failures in healthcare settings. It is a public health concern since persisters can be involved in the evolution and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance amidst the aggravating spread of multidrugresistant bacteria and insufficient novel antimicrobial therapy to tackle this issue. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is one of the most prevalent Salmonella serotypes in the world and is a leading cause of food-borne salmonellosis. S. Typhimurium has been known to cause persistent infection and a wealth of investigations on Salmonella persisters indicates that toxin and antitoxin modules play a role in mediating the phenotypic switch of persisters, rendering its survival ability in the presence of antimicrobial agents. In this review, we discuss findings regarding mechanisms that underly persistence in S. Typhimurium, especially the involvement of toxin and antitoxin modules.