A Qualitative Inquiry Into Sarcopenia Among Formerly Homeless Older Thais

Abstract

Aim: This study sought to elucidate the conditions associated with sarcopenia among older, formerly homeless people residing in supportive housing in Thailand. Design: This study employed a qualitative design. Methods: Eight comprehensive interviews (n = 8) and four focus group discussions (n = 20) were conducted. The data collection spanned from March 2024 to June 2024 and was subsequently analysed utilising content analysis methodologies. Results: All participants (age range: 31–83 years, female participants: 52.38%) were selected from a shelter for the economically disadvantaged in Nonthaburi. The analysis revealed two overarching themes: (1) insufficiency, encompassing five subthemes: deficient knowledge, limited dietary intake, poor oral health, insufficient physical activity and substandard sarcopenia care system and (2) the price of plenty, which includes four subthemes: carbohydrate consumption, poorly prepared food (characterised by hard, undercooked, or burnt items and excessive salt and spice usage), comorbid health conditions and excessive periods of inactivity. Implications for the Profession: Absence of nursing roles in supportive housing limits the delivery of people-centred care for formerly homeless older adults. Integrating nurses into these settings is essential to meet complex health needs and improve care quality. Patient or Public Contribution: This represents the inaugural Thai research conducted within a shelter for the impoverished, underserved and marginalised population. The rich insights from this study provided a foundation for understanding and guiding the management, local policy formulation and prevention strategies related to sarcopenia for this population.