Swine coronaviruses (SCoVs) and their emerging threats to swine population, inter-species transmission, exploring the susceptibility of pigs for SARS-CoV-2 and zoonotic concerns
Issued Date
2022-01-01
Resource Type
ISSN
01652176
eISSN
18755941
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85132455387
Pubmed ID
35584308
Journal Title
Veterinary Quarterly
Volume
42
Issue
1
Start Page
125
End Page
147
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Veterinary Quarterly Vol.42 No.1 (2022) , 125-147
Suggested Citation
Thakor J.C., Dinesh M., Manikandan R., Bindu S., Sahoo M., Sahoo D., Dhawan M., Pandey M.K., Tiwari R., Emran T.B., Dhama K., Chaicumpa W. Swine coronaviruses (SCoVs) and their emerging threats to swine population, inter-species transmission, exploring the susceptibility of pigs for SARS-CoV-2 and zoonotic concerns. Veterinary Quarterly Vol.42 No.1 (2022) , 125-147. 147. doi:10.1080/01652176.2022.2079756 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/87097
Title
Swine coronaviruses (SCoVs) and their emerging threats to swine population, inter-species transmission, exploring the susceptibility of pigs for SARS-CoV-2 and zoonotic concerns
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Swine coronaviruses (SCoVs) are one of the most devastating pathogens affecting the livelihoods of farmers and swine industry across the world. These include transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV), porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (PHEV), swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV), and porcine delta coronavirus (PDCoV). Coronaviruses infect a wide variety of animal species and humans because these are having single stranded-RNA that accounts for high mutation rates and thus could break the species barrier. The gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and nervous systems are the primary organ systems affected by SCoVs. Infection is very common in piglets compared to adult swine causing high mortality in the former. Bat is implicated to be the origin of all CoVs affecting animals and humans. Since pig is the only domestic animal in which CoVs cause a wide range of diseases; new coronaviruses with high zoonotic potential could likely emerge in the future as observed in the past. The recently emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), causing COVID-19 pandemic in humans, has been implicated to have animal origin, also reported from few animal species, though its zoonotic concerns are still under investigation. This review discusses SCoVs and their epidemiology, virology, evolution, pathology, wildlife reservoirs, interspecies transmission, spill-over events and highlighting their emerging threats to swine population. The role of pigs amid ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic will also be discussed. A thorough investigation should be conducted to rule out zoonotic potential of SCoVs and to design appropriate strategies for their prevention and control.