The effect of early childbearing on women’s labor force participation later in life of ever-married women in Myanmar
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Issued Date
2021
Copyright Date
2021
Resource Type
Language
eng
File Type
application/pdf
No. of Pages/File Size
x, 71 leaves : ill.
Access Rights
open access
Rights
ผลงานนี้เป็นลิขสิทธิ์ของมหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล ขอสงวนไว้สำหรับเพื่อการศึกษาเท่านั้น ต้องอ้างอิงแหล่งที่มา ห้ามดัดแปลงเนื้อหา และห้ามนำไปใช้เพื่อการค้า
Rights Holder(s)
Mahidol University
Bibliographic Citation
Thesis (M.A. (Population and Sexual and Reproductive Health))--Mahidol University, 2021
Suggested Citation
Mya Kay Khine, 1985 - The effect of early childbearing on women’s labor force participation later in life of ever-married women in Myanmar. Thesis (M.A. (Population and Sexual and Reproductive Health))--Mahidol University, 2021. Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/114281
Title
The effect of early childbearing on women’s labor force participation later in life of ever-married women in Myanmar
Author(s)
Advisor(s)
Abstract
Women’s labor force participation is important not only for women’s welfare but also for economic development of the families and countries by increasing the incomes and productivities. However, the women’s labor force participation is relatively low in Myanmar and only almost half of the total working age women are in labor force. Marriage and childbearing were the major reasons for women to drop out from their employment, and the earlier the childbearing, the higher the impact on women’s labor force participation. Failure to invest in human capital development as a result of early childbearing may disturb the women’s labor force participation and their professional development. Currently, there are few studies that have identified the effect of early childbearing on women’s labor force participation in Myanmar. This study aimed to fill this knowledge gap and to identify the effect of early childbearing on women’s labor force participation. In addition, this study also attempted to examine whether the effect of the early childbearing was influenced by the age of the women. This study used data from the Myanmar Demographic Health Survey 2015-2016 which is nationwide cross-sectional. Women who were ever married and had at least one child were selected as the sample. Bivariate analysis, Chi-Square test and multivariate analysis, binary logistic regression were used to analyze the data and two different binary regression were applied in order to assess the overall women’s labor force participation and participation to the skilled jobs. The findings showed that women who experienced early childbearing were 18% (AR=0.82, 95% CI=0.70-0.97) less likely to work than women who did not. Moreover, the effect of childbearing on the likelihood to work did not change even as the women grew older. However, early childbearing did not show a statistically significant relationship with the women’s likelihood to participate in skilled jobs. In terms of age, women who were 30-34 years and 35-39 years were 1.4 times (AR=1.39, 99% CI=1.12-1.73) and 1.3 times (AR=1.30, 95% CI=1.03-1.64) more likely to be in labor force than the women who were 15-24 years old. Older women were more likely to be in skilled labor than women who were 15-24 years and the effect of early childbearing on women’s skilled job participation was also not significantly different among the women with different age group. Women who were currently breastfeeding or with secondary or higher education were less likely to be in labor force while the mothers of older children, women in rural areas and women from household with 60-69 years elderly were more likely to be in labor force. In contrast, mothers of older children and women from rural areas were less likely to be in skilled jobs, while the women with secondary or higher education and higher background socioeconomic status were more likely to be in skilled job. Currently married women were less likely to be in both labor force participation and skilled job. In conclusion, early childbearing has an impact on the women’s labor force participation and its effect did not decline as the women grow older. It can be said that the effect of the early childbearing persists throughout the life of women. Moreover, the early childbearing did not have significant direct relationship with the women’s skilled labor participation and its effect also did not change by age of the women. The fertility factors, such as marriage, childbearing and breastfeeding were more likely to be associated with labor force participation and the women’s participation in skilled labor force was more likely to be influenced by education and background socioeconomic status of the women. This study is intended to use for advocacy purposes in increasing the women’s labor force participation through reducing the early childbearing and creatin
Degree Name
Master of Arts
Degree Level
Master's degree
Degree Department
Institute for Population and Social Research
Degree Discipline
Population and Sexual and Reproductive Health
Degree Grantor(s)
Mahidol University